R902218653 A7VO55LRDS/63L-NZB01-S力士樂Rexroth柱塞泵
武漢百士自動(dòng)化設(shè)備有限公司專注于液壓、氣動(dòng)、工控自動(dòng)化備件銷售,熱誠(chéng)歡迎新老客戶咨詢購(gòu)買!
柱塞泵是液壓系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)重要裝置。它依靠柱塞在缸體中往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng),使密封工作容腔的容積發(fā)生變化來實(shí)現(xiàn)吸油、壓油。柱塞泵具有額定壓力高、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、效率高和流量調(diào)節(jié)方便等優(yōu)點(diǎn),被廣應(yīng)用于高壓、大流量和流量需要調(diào)節(jié)的場(chǎng)合,諸如液壓機(jī)、工程機(jī)械和船舶中。
柱塞泵一般分為單柱塞泵、臥式柱塞泵、軸向柱塞泵和徑向柱塞泵。
單柱塞泵
結(jié)構(gòu)組成主要有偏心輪、柱塞、彈簧、缸體、兩個(gè)單向閥。柱塞與缸體孔之間形成密閉容積。偏心輪旋轉(zhuǎn)一轉(zhuǎn),柱塞上下往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)一次,向下運(yùn)動(dòng)吸油,向上運(yùn)動(dòng)排油。泵每轉(zhuǎn)一轉(zhuǎn)排出的油液體積稱為排量,排量只與泵的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)有關(guān)。
臥式柱塞泵是由幾個(gè)柱塞(一般為3個(gè)或6個(gè))并列安裝,用1根曲軸通過連桿滑塊或由偏心軸直接推動(dòng)柱塞做往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng),實(shí)現(xiàn)吸、排液體的液壓泵。它們也都采用閥式配流裝置,而且大多為定量泵。煤礦液壓支架系統(tǒng)中的乳化液泵一般都是臥式柱塞泵。
乳化液泵用于采煤工作面,為液壓支架提供乳化液,工作原理靠曲軸的旋轉(zhuǎn)帶動(dòng)活塞做往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng),實(shí)現(xiàn)吸液和排液。
軸向柱塞泵(英文名:Piston pump)是活塞或柱塞的往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)方向與缸體中心軸平行的柱塞泵。軸向柱塞泵利用與傳動(dòng)軸平行的柱塞在柱塞孔內(nèi)往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)所產(chǎn)生的容積變化來進(jìn)行工作的。由于柱塞和柱塞孔都是圓形零件,加工時(shí)可以達(dá)到很高的精度配合,因此容積效率高
直軸斜盤式柱塞泵分為壓力供油型和自吸油型兩種。壓力供油型液壓泵大都是采用有氣壓的油箱,靠氣壓供油的液壓油箱,在每次啟動(dòng)機(jī)器之后,必須等液壓漬箱達(dá)到使用氣壓后,才能操作機(jī)械。如液壓油箱的氣壓不足時(shí)就啟動(dòng)機(jī)器,會(huì)對(duì)液壓泵內(nèi)的與滑靴造成拉脫現(xiàn)象,出會(huì)造成泵體內(nèi)回程板與壓板的非正常磨損。
徑向柱塞泵可分為閥配流與軸配流兩大類。閥配流徑向柱塞泵存在故障率高、效率
柱塞泵
低等缺點(diǎn)。國(guó)際上70、80年代發(fā)展的軸配流徑向柱塞泵克服了閥配流徑向柱塞泵的不足。由于徑向泵結(jié)構(gòu)上的特點(diǎn),固定了軸配流徑向柱塞泵比軸向柱塞泵耐沖擊、壽命長(zhǎng)、控制精度高。變量行程短泵的變量是在變量柱塞和限位柱塞作用下,改變定子的偏心距實(shí)現(xiàn)的,而定于的大偏心距為 5—9mm(根據(jù)排量大小不同),變量行程很短。且變量機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)為高壓操縱,由控制閥進(jìn)行控制。故該泵的響應(yīng)速度快。徑向結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)克服了如軸向柱塞泵滑靴偏磨的問題。使其抗沖擊能力大幅度提高。
液壓柱塞泵靠氣壓供油的液壓油箱,在每次啟動(dòng)機(jī)器后,必須等液壓油箱達(dá)到使用氣壓后,才能操作機(jī)械。直軸斜盤式柱塞泵分為壓力供油型的自吸油型兩種。壓力供油型液壓泵大都采用有氣壓的油箱,也有液壓泵本身帶有補(bǔ)油分泵向液壓泵進(jìn)油口提供壓力油的。自吸油型液壓泵的自吸油能力很強(qiáng),無需外力供油。
柱塞泵分為軸向柱塞泵和徑向柱塞泵兩種代表性的結(jié)構(gòu)形式;柱塞缸由于徑向柱塞泵
柱塞泵
屬于一種新型的技術(shù)含量比較高的高效泵,隨著國(guó)產(chǎn)化的不斷加快,徑向柱塞泵必然會(huì)成為柱塞泵應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的重要組成部分;具體詳見徑向柱塞泵百科,以下僅以軸向柱塞泵為例進(jìn)行解釋。
軸向柱塞泵是利用與傳動(dòng)軸平行的柱塞在柱塞孔內(nèi)往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)所產(chǎn)生的容積變化來進(jìn)行工作的。由于柱塞和柱塞孔都是圓形零件,加工時(shí)可以達(dá)到很高的精度配合,因此具有容積效率高,運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn),流量均勻性好,噪聲低,工作壓力高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),但對(duì)液壓油的污染較敏感,結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜,造價(jià)較高
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