鐗╂枡灏辨槸鍜屾哀鍖栭垼锛堢櫧鐏帮級銆�
闆欏牽娉曟槸閲囩敤閳夊熀鑴～鍔戦€�(j矛n)琛屽鍏�(n猫i)鑴～锛岀敱浜庨垑鍩鸿劔纭姂鍫挎€у挤(qi谩ng)锛屽惛鏀跺悗鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐢�(ch菐n)鐗╂憾瑙ｅ害澶�锛屼笉鏈冮€犳垚閬庨＝鍜岀祼(ji茅)鏅�锛岄€犳垚绲�(ji茅)鍨㈠牭濉炲晱椤�銆傚彟涓€鏂归潰鑴～鐢�(ch菐n)鐗╄鍐嶇敓姹犲収(n猫i)鐢ㄩ€�(j矛n)琛岄倓鍘熷啀鐢�锛屽啀鐢熷嚭鐨勯垑鍩鸿劔纭姂鍐嶈鎵撳洖鑴～濉斿惊鐠�(hu谩n)浣跨敤銆傞洐鍫挎硶鑴～宸ヨ棟浜嗘姇璩囧強閬�(y霉n)琛岃不(f猫i)鐢�锛屾瘮杓冮仼鐢ㄤ簬涓皬鍨嬮崑鐖愰€�(j矛n)琛岃劔纭敼閫犮€�
闆欏牽娉曠厵姘ｈ劔纭妧琛�(sh霉)鏄埄鐢ㄦ憾娑蹭綔鐐哄暉鍕曡劔纭姂锛岄厤鍒跺ソ鐨勬憾娑茬洿鎺ユ墦鍏ヨ劔纭娲楁粚鑴櫎鐓欐埃涓�SO2渚嗛仈(d谩)鍒扮厵姘ｈ劔纭殑鐩殑锛岀劧鍚庤劔纭敘(ch菐n)鐗╃稉(j墨ng)鑴～鍔戝啀鐢熸睜閭勫師鎴愬啀鎵撳洖鑴～濉斿収(n猫i)寰挵(hu谩n)浣跨敤銆傝劔纭伐钘濅富瑕佸寘鎷�5鍊�(g猫)閮ㄥ垎锛�(1)鍚告敹鍔戝埗鍌欒垏瑁�(b菙)鍏�锛�(2)鍚告敹鍔戞伎娑插櫞娣嬶紱(3)濉斿収(n猫i)闇ф淮鑸囩厵姘ｆ贩鍚�锛�(4)鍐嶇敓姹犳伎娑查倓鍘熼垑鍩哄牽锛�(5)鐭宠啅鑴按铏曠悊銆�
闆欏牽娉曠厵姘ｈ劔纭伐钘濆悓鐭崇伆鐭�/鐭崇伆绛夊叾浠栨繒娉曡劔纭弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗛浼�锛屼富瑕佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐐虹厵姘ｄ腑鐨�SO2鍏堟憾瑙ｄ簬鍚告敹娑蹭腑锛岀劧鍚庨洟瑙ｆ垚H+鍜�HSO3-锛�
SO2(g)= SO2(l)
SO2(aq)+H2O(l) = H++HSO3-=2H++SO32-锛�
寮忥紙1锛夌偤鎱㈠弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屾槸閫熷害鎺у埗涔嬩竴銆�
鐒跺悗H+鑸囨憾娑蹭腑鐨�OH-涓拰鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岀敓鎴愰菇鍜屾按锛屼績閫�(j矛n)SO2涓嶆柗琚惛鏀舵憾瑙�銆傚叿楂斿弽鎳�(y墨ng)鏂圭▼寮忓涓嬶細
2NaOH + SO2 鈫� Na2SO3 + H2O
Na2SO3 + SO2 + H2O 鈫� 2NaHSO3
鑴～鍚庣殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐢�(ch菐n)鐗╅€�(j矛n)鍏ュ啀鐢熸睜鍏�(n猫i)鐢ㄥ彟涓€绋牽锛屼竴鑸槸Ca(OH)2閫�(j矛n)琛屽啀鐢�锛屽啀鐢熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)濡備笅锛�
Ca(OH)2 + Na2SO3 鈫� 2 NaOH + CaSO3
Ca(OH)2 + 2NaHSO3 鈫� Na2SO3 + CaSO3路1/2H2O +1/2H2O
瀛樺湪姘ф埃鐨勬浠朵笅锛岄倓鏈冪櫦(f膩)鐢熶互涓嬪弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛�
Ca(OH)2 + Na2SO3 + 1/2O2 + 2 H2O 鈫� 2 NaOH + CaSO4路H2O
鐨勭～浠ヤ簽纭吀閳�銆佺～閰搁垼鐨勫舰寮忔瀽鍑�锛岀劧鍚庡皣鍏剁敤娉垫墦鍏ョ煶鑶忚劔姘磋檿鐞嗘垨鐩存帴鍫嗘斁銆佹媼妫勩€傚啀鐢熺殑NaOH鍙互寰挵(hu谩n)浣跨敤銆�
宸ヨ棟娴佺▼浠嬬垂
渚嗚嚜閸嬬垚鐨勭厵姘ｅ厛缍�(j墨ng)閬庨櫎濉靛櫒闄ゅ〉锛岀劧鍚庣厵姘ｇ稉(j墨ng)鐓欓亾寰炲搴曢€�(j矛n)鍏ヨ劔纭銆傚湪鑴～濉斿収(n猫i)甯冪疆鑻ュ共灞わ紙鏍规摎(j霉)鍏烽珨鎯呮硜瀹氾級鏃嬫祦鏉跨殑锛屾棆娴佹澘濉斿叿鏈夎壇濂界殑姘ｆ恫姊濅欢锛屽緸濉旈爞鍣翠笅鐨勫牽娑插湪鏃嬫祦鏉夸笂閫�(j矛n)琛岄湩鍖栦娇寰楃厵姘ｄ腑鐨�SO2鑸囧櫞娣嬬殑鍫挎恫鍏呭垎鍚告敹銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆傜稉(j墨ng)鑴～娲楁粚鍚庣殑鍑堢厵姘ｇ稉(j墨ng)閬庨櫎闇у櫒鑴按鍚庨€�(j矛n)鍏ユ彌鐔卞櫒锛屽崌婧悗鐨勭厵姘ｇ稉(j墨ng)寮曢ⅷ(f膿ng)姗�(j墨)閫氶亷鐓欏洩澶ф埃銆�
闆欏牽娉曡劔纭伐钘濇祦绋嬪湒:
鍒濈殑闆欏牽娉曚竴鑸彧鏈変竴鍊�(g猫)寰挵(hu谩n)姘存睜锛�NaOH銆佺煶鐏板拰鑴～涓崟闆嗙殑椋涚伆鍚屽湪涓€鍊�(g猫)寰挵(hu谩n)姹犲収(n猫i)娣峰悎銆傚湪寰挵(hu谩n)姹犲収(n猫i)鐨勭伆娓ｆ檪(sh铆)锛岀厵鐏般€佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐢熸垚鐗╀簽纭吀閳�銆佺～閰搁垼鍙婄煶鐏版福鍜屾湭鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勭煶鐏板悓鏅�(sh铆)琚�锛屾竻鍑虹殑娣峰悎鐗╀笉鏄撶稖鍚堝埄鐢ㄨ€屾垚鐐哄虎娓ｃ€傜偤鍏嬫湇闆欏牽娉曠殑缂洪粸(di菐n)锛屽皪鍏堕€�(j矛n)琛屼簡鏀归€�(j矛n)銆備富瑕佸伐钘濇槸锛屾竻姘存睜涓€娆℃€у姞鍏ュ埗鎴愯劔纭恫锛岀敤娉垫墦鍏ュ惛鏀跺閫�(j矛n)琛岃劔纭€備笁绋敓鎴愮墿鍧囨憾浜庢按锛屽湪鑴～涓�锛岀厵姘ｅぞ闆滅殑椋涚伆鍚屾檪(sh铆)琚惊鐠�(hu谩n)娑叉繒娼よ€屾崟闆�锛屽緸鍚告敹濉旂殑寰挵(hu谩n)婕挎恫娴佸叆娌夋穩姹�?锛涗互顝�?j墨ng)娌夋穩瀹氭湡锛屽彲鍥炴敹鍒╃敤锛屽鍒剁绛�銆備笂娓呮恫婧㈡祦閫�(j矛n)鍏ュ弽鎳�(y墨ng)姹犺垏鎶曞姞鐨勭煶鐏伴€�(j矛n)琛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岀疆鎻涘嚭鐨勬憾瑙ｅ湪寰挵(hu谩n)姘翠腑锛屽悓鏅�(sh铆)鐢熸垚闆ｆ憾瑙ｇ殑浜炵～閰搁垼銆佺～閰搁垼鍜岀⒊閰搁垼绛�锛屽彲閫氶亷娌夋穩銆�
