淇濆畾椋茬敤姘撮櫎閻甸尦澶╃劧閷崇爞婵炬枡瑁濆～鏂规硶
閷崇爞婵炬枡鏄敤浜庡湴涓嬫按闄ら惖鍜岄櫎閷崇殑澶╃劧閷崇爞婵炬枡锛屽叾閷崇殑褰㈡厠(t脿i)鎳�(y墨ng)浠ユ哀鍖栭尦鐐轰富銆傚惈閷抽噺锛堜互MnO2瑷�锛屼笅鍚岋級涓嶆噳(y墨ng)灏忎簬35%鐨勫ぉ鐒堕尦鐮傛烤鏂欙紝鏃㈠彲鐢ㄤ簬鍦颁笅姘撮櫎閻�锛屽張鍙敤浜庡湴涓嬫按闄ら尦锛涘惈閷抽噺鐐�20%锝�30%鐨勫ぉ鐒堕尦鐮傛烤鏂�锛屽彧瀹滅敤浜庡湴涓嬫按闄ら惖锛涘惈閷抽噺灏忎簬20%鐨勯尦绀︾爞鍓囦笉瀹滈噰鐢�銆傚疁鍎�(y艒u)鍏堥噰鐢ㄧ稉(j墨ng)閬庣瀛�(xu茅)瑭﹂(y脿n)鎴栫敓鐢�(ch菐n)浣跨敤璀夋槑鑳界嵅寰楄壇濂介櫎閻靛拰闄ら尦鏁堟灉鐨勫ぉ鐒堕尦鐮傚搧绋綔婵炬枡銆傚畠閲囩敤鍦嬪収(n猫i)璩�(zh矛)閲忓劒(y艒u)鑹€佹櫠绮掕嚧瀵�銆佹(j墨)姊板挤(qi谩ng)搴﹀ぇ銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)娲绘€у挤(qi谩ng)銆佷笉鏄撶牬纰�銆佷笉婧朵簬姘寸殑澶╃劧閷崇う鐮�銆傜稉(j墨ng)姘存礂鎵撶（闄ら洔銆佸共鐕�銆佺閬�銆佺鍒�銆侀櫎濉电瓑宸ヨ棟鎴愮爞銆傚啀鎶婂姞宸ュソ鐨勯尦鐮傛寜涓€瀹氱殑绱氶厤瑾�(di脿o)鍚堣€屾垚銆傚畠鍏锋湁姘磋檿鐞嗘烤鏂欓潪甯哥悊鎯崇殑绱氶厤姣斾緥锛屼娇瀹冨湪鍠綅楂旂⿳鍏�(n猫i)鏈夐潪甯稿ぇ鐨勬瘮琛ㄩ潰绌�銆侀潪甯稿挤(qi谩ng)鐨勬埅姹¤兘鍔�銆侀潪甯稿ぇ鐨勬哀鍖栧偓鍖栦綔鐢ㄥ拰闈炲父灏忕殑鍙嶆矕娲楁祦澶辩巼銆傞尦鐮傛烤鏂欏瑙€绮楃硻鍛堣鑹叉垨娣＄伆鑹�锛屽父鐢ㄤ簬鐢熸椿椋茬敤姘寸殑闄ら惖銆侀櫎閷抽亷婵捐缃�锛屾烤姘存晥鏋滈潪甯歌壇濂�銆傦紙娉細MnO2鈮�35%鏃㈠彲闄ら惖锛屽張鑳介櫎閷筹紝MnO2鈮�30%锛夊彧鑳界敤浜庡湴涓嬫按闄ら惖锛夐尦鐮傛烤鏂欎富瑕佺敤浜庨檷浣庢按涓殑閻甸尦閻靛拰閷崇附鍚噺锛屾牴鎿�(j霉)鎴戝湅鐢熸椿椋茬敤姘磋(w猫i)鐢熸(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)瑕�(gu墨)鍏堕惖鍚噺鈮�0.3銕�/L锛岄尦鍚噺鈮�0.1銕�/L锛岄暦鏅傞枔椋茬敤鍚惖鍚尦閲忛亷楂樼殑姘存渻鍤�(y谩n)閲嶅奖闊胯韩楂斿仴搴�銆�
澶╃劧閷崇爞婵炬枡宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊锛�
閻典互Fe2+鐨勭媭鎱�(t脿i)鏇句簬鍦颁笅锛堜簳锛夋按涓�锛屽叾姘存湁鐣拌壊鐣板懗锛屾薄鏌撻洟瀛愪氦鎻涙ü鑴傝€岄檷浣庝氦鎻涜兘鍔�锛岄暦鏅傞枔鍚庣敓鎴愰惖鍨紝褰遍熆鍌崇啽锛岃兘鑵愯潟瑷�(sh猫)鍌�銆傝€岄尦鐮備腑鐨凪nO2鑸嘑e2+鐧�(f膩)鐢熸哀鍖栭倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屼娇Fe2+璁�?y艒u)闀昬3+骞剁敓鎴� Fe(OH)3娌夋穩锛屽緸鑰屽埄鐢ㄩ尦鐮傞亷婵惧櫒鐨勫弽娌栨礂鍔熻兘閬�(d谩)鍒板幓闄ゅ噲鍖栫殑鐩殑銆�
鐣�(d膩ng)鍚湁閻点€侀尦鐨勬按闀锋湡閫氶亷婵炬枡琛ㄩ潰鏅�锛屽湪婵炬枡琛ㄩ潰灏辨渻鐢熸垚閻佃唱(zh矛)鍜岄尦璩�(zh矛)婵捐啘銆傜敱浜庤┎鎬ф烤鏂欏皪閻�銆侀尦鐨勫惛闄勮兘鍔涙洿寮�(qi谩ng)锛屾墍浠ョ稉(j墨ng)閬庢敼鎬ф烤鏂欏彲浠ョ府鐭惖璩�(zh矛)銆侀尦璩�(zh矛)婵捐啘鐨勫舰鎴愭檪闁�锛岃嚜鐒舵浠朵笅褰㈡垚鐨勯惖璩�(zh矛)婵捐啘寰€寰€闇€瑕佸咕鍊嬬Ξ鎷滅殑鏅傞枔锛岃€屽舰鎴愰尦璩�(zh矛)婵捐啘鐨勬檪闁撳氨鏇翠箙銆傛墍褰㈡垚鐨勯惖璩�(zh矛)銆侀尦璩�(zh矛)婵捐啘灏嶉惖銆侀尦鐨勫幓闄や竴鑸叿鏈夊偓鍖栦綔鐢�锛屽嵆鎴戝€戞墍绋辩殑鈥滄椿鎬ф烤鑶溾€�銆備竴浜涘湴鏂瑰凡缍�(j墨ng)寤烘垚闄ら惖銆侀櫎閷虫按寤�锛屼絾鏄檿鐞嗘晥鏋滃苟涓嶆槸寰堝ソ銆傚師鍥犲湪浜庢敼鎬ф烤鏂欏埗鍌欓亷绋嬬殑璨�(f猫i)鐢ㄦ瘮杓冮珮锛屾墍浠ヤ笉閬╃敤浜庡ぇ鍨嬬殑姘磋檿鐞嗗粻锛涘皪浜庨惖璩�(zh矛)娲绘€ф烤鑶滃拰閷宠唱(zh矛)娲绘€ф烤鑶滃幓闄ゆ按涓惖銆侀尦鐨勭爺绌堕倓铏曚簬瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)闅庢锛屾妧琛�(sh霉)灏氫笉鎴愮啛銆備汉鍊戝張鎶婄洰鍏夋姇鍚戠敓鐗╂硶鍘婚櫎閻�銆侀尦锛屽苟涓斿凡缍�(j墨ng)鍙栧緱涓€浜涙垚鏁�銆傛墍浠ワ紝寰堝鍦版柟閲囩敤鎺ヨЦ姘у寲娉曞苟鍦ㄦ烤鑶滀腑鎺ョó寰敓鐗╃殑鏂规硶渚嗛€�(j矛n)琛岄惖銆侀尦鐨勫幓闄�锛岄€欎篃灏囨垚鐐洪櫎閻�銆侀櫎閷虫妧琛�(sh霉)鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑鏂拌定鍕�銆�
鐢ㄤ簬鍦颁笅姘撮櫎閻靛拰闄ら尦鐨勫ぉ鐒堕尦鐮傛烤鏂�锛屽叾閷崇殑褰㈡厠(t脿i)鎳�(y墨ng)浠ユ哀鍖栭尦鐐轰富銆傚惈閷抽噺锛堜互MnO2瑷�锛屼笅鍚岋級涓嶆噳(y墨ng)灏忎簬35%鐨勫ぉ鐒堕尦鐮傛烤鏂�锛屾棦鍙敤浜庡湴涓嬫按闄ら惖锛屽張鍙敤浜庡湴涓嬫按闄ら尦锛涘惈閷抽噺鐐�20%锝�30%鐨勫ぉ鐒堕尦鐮傛烤鏂�锛屽彧瀹滅敤浜庡湴涓嬫按闄ら惖锛涘惈閷抽噺灏忎簬20%鐨勯尦绀︾爞鍓囦笉瀹滈噰鐢�銆傚疁鍎�(y艒u)鍏堥噰鐢ㄧ稉(j墨ng)閬庣瀛�(xu茅)瑭﹂(y脿n)鎴栫敓鐢�(ch菐n)浣跨敤璀夋槑鑳界嵅寰楄壇濂介櫎閻靛拰闄ら尦鏁堟灉鐨勫ぉ鐒堕尦鐮傚搧绋綔婵炬枡銆�
1.澶╃劧閷崇爞婵炬枡鐨勫钩鍧囧瘑搴︿竴鑸偤3.2g/cm3鑷�3.6g/cm3鑼冨湇鍏�(n猫i)銆備娇鐢ㄤ腑灏嶅瘑搴︽湁鐗规畩瑕佹眰鑰呴櫎澶栥€�
2.澶╃劧閷崇爞婵炬枡鐨勯菇閰稿彲婧剁巼涓嶆噳(y墨ng)澶т簬3.5%锛堢櫨鍒嗙巼鎸夎唱(zh矛)閲忚▓锛屼笅鍚岋級銆�
3.澶╃劧閷崇爞婵炬枡鐨勭牬纰庣巼鍜岀（鎼嶇巼涔嬪拰涓嶆噳(y墨ng)澶т簬3%銆�
4.澶╃劧閷崇爞婵炬枡鎳�(y墨ng)涓嶅惈鑲夌溂鍙娉ュ湡銆侀爜宸栧拰澶栦締纰庡睉锛屽惈娉ラ噺涓嶆噳(y墨ng)澶т簬2.5%銆�
5.婵炬枡鐨勬按娴稿嚭娑叉噳(y墨ng)涓嶅惈灏嶄汉楂旀湁姣掋€佹湁瀹崇墿璩�(zh矛)銆�
澶╃劧閷崇爞婵炬枡鍚噺鐨勯伕鐢細
鍦ㄩ櫎閻甸尦婵炬睜涓亱(y霉n)琛屾檪锛屾按涓綆鍍归惖閷抽洟瀛愬厛琚鍚堥尦鐮傛烤鑶滃惛闄�锛岀劧鍚庤姘у寲鍜屾按瑙�锛岀敓鎴愭矮姘у寲鐗╂按鍚堝垎瀛怺Fe(OH)3XH2O] 鍜孾Mn(OH)nXH2O] 褰㈡垚鐨勬椿鎬ф烤鑶滐紝骞朵綔鐐烘柊鐨勫偓鍖栧姂鍙冭垏鎺ヨЦ姘у寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屼娇娲绘€ф烤鑶滄湁闅ㄨ憲浣跨敤澧炲帤鐨勮定鍕�锛屽舰鎴愪簡瑕嗗悎閷崇爞鐨勮嚜淇京(f霉)鐗规€�,浣跨敤涓€骞寸殑瑕嗗悎閷崇爞锛岄尦鍚噺澧炲姞18.2%锛岄惖鍚噺澧炲姞4.8%锛涗娇鐢ㄥ叐骞村崐鐨勯尦鍚噺澧炲姞浜�27.3%锛岄惖鍚噺澧炲姞14.3%.閷崇爞瀹归噸杓冧綆(鐐�1.55锝�1.60g/cm3)锛岀壒鍒ラ仼鐢ㄤ簬澶т腑鍨嬫按寤犵殑铏瑰惛闄ら惖閷虫烤姹犲拰鍚勫瀷闄ら惖閷虫烤缃� 铏瑰惛婵炬睜鐢变簬鍙嶆矕娲楁按闋純浣庯紝寰€寰€涓嶅疁浜庝娇鐢ㄥ閲嶈純澶х殑澶╃劧閷崇爞婵炬枡锛堝叾瀹归噸涓€鑸偤2.2锝�2.4g/cm3锛�锛屼娇澶т腑鍨嬫按寤犻櫎閻甸尦婵炬睜鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ彈鍒颁竴瀹氶檺鍒�銆�
澶╃劧閷崇爞婵炬枡闄ら惖鏁堟灉
鍦ㄦ按璩�(zh矛)杌熷寲閬庣▼涓紝棣栧厛锛岀敱浜庨尦鐮傝粺鍖栨按鐨勮檿鐞嗘檪闁撴湁闄愶紝鍏舵锛岀敱浜庢按涓湁閻靛柈璩�(zh矛)锛屼笁姘у寲浜岄惖锛屾哀鍖栦簽閻电瓑閻电殑姘у寲鐗�锛屽悇绋墿璩�(zh矛)娣峰悎锛屼娇閷崇爞鐨勯櫎閻甸櫎閷虫晥鏋�锛岃粺鍖栨按鏁堟灉澶у箙搴﹂檷浣�锛屾墍浠ョ偤浜嗗鍔犻尦鐮傞櫎閻甸櫎閷崇殑鏁堟灉锛屽氨瑕佸湪閷崇爞铏曠悊宸ヨ棟鍓嶅姞涓€閬撴洕姘ｈ檿鐞嗗伐钘�锛屾槸闄ら惖闄ら尦閬�(d谩)鍒伴潪甯镐匠鐨勬晥鏋�锛佸彲鏍规摎(j霉)姘磋唱(zh矛)鐨勪笉鍚岀祫鍚堝舰寮忛伕鐢ㄤ笉鍚屾瘮鍒楃殑鍘哀鈥斿ソ姘р€斿吋姘х殑鐢熺墿铏曠悊宸ヨ棟锛岄€欑ó宸ヨ棟涓嶄絾鏈夊劒(y艒u)鐣扮殑鑴爱闄ょ７鏁堟灉锛岃€屼笖鑳藉鎶婂ぇ鍒嗗瓙閲忕殑鏈夋(j墨)鐗╄瑙ｆ垚鏄撲簬濂芥哀鐢熺墿闄嶈В鐨勪綆鍒嗗瓙閲忔湁姗�(j墨)鐗┿€傞潪甯搁噸瑕佺殑鏄兘澶�?q奴)銏鍠唱(zh矛)锛屽柈璩�(zh矛)閷�锛屾哀鍖栦簽閻碉紝浣庡児姘у寲閷�锛屾哀鍖栨垚楂樺児閻电殑姘у寲鐗�锛侀€欐ǎ閷崇爞鐨勯櫎閻甸櫎閷冲鍔涘氨闄嶄綆浜嗭紝鏁撮珨铏曠悊鏁堟灉闈炲父浣�锛�
