機(jī)器之心編輯部
自然語(yǔ)言處理（Natural Language Processing）是人工智能的核心問題之一，旨在讓計(jì)算機(jī)理解語(yǔ)言，實(shí)現(xiàn)人與計(jì)算機(jī)之間用自然語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行通信。阿爾伯塔大學(xué)（Universityof Alberta）劉邦博士在他的畢業(yè)論文《Natural Language Processing and Text Mining with Graph-Structured Representations》中，對(duì)基于圖結(jié)構(gòu)（graph-structured representations）的自然語(yǔ)言處理和文本挖掘進(jìn)行了深入研究。
這篇博士論文將自然語(yǔ)言處理和文本挖掘的多個(gè)核心任務(wù)與圖結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)大表示能力結(jié)合起來，從而充分利用深度學(xué)習(xí)的表示能力和文本中的結(jié)構(gòu)信息來解決諸多問題：（1）組織信息（Inbation Organization）：提出了基于樹/圖結(jié)構(gòu)的短文本/長(zhǎng)文本對(duì)的分解算法以提高語(yǔ)意匹配任務(wù)（semantic matching）。基于文本匹配，進(jìn)一步提出事件粒度的新聞聚類和組織系統(tǒng) Story Forest；（2）推薦信息（Inbation Recommendation）：提出了 ConcepT 概念挖掘系統(tǒng)以及 GIANT 系統(tǒng)，用于構(gòu)建建模用戶興趣點(diǎn)以及長(zhǎng)短文本主題的圖譜（Ontology）。構(gòu)建的興趣圖譜 Attention Ontology 有助于對(duì)用戶與文本的理解，并顯著提高推薦系統(tǒng)的效果；（3）理解信息（Inbation Comprehension）：提出了 ACS-Aware Question Generation 系統(tǒng)，用于從無標(biāo)注的文本中生成高質(zhì)量的問答對(duì)，大大降低問答系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)集構(gòu)建成本，并有助于提高閱讀理解系統(tǒng)的效果。
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