TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S102在這些強(qiáng)化機(jī)制中，只有細(xì)晶強(qiáng)化是既提高強(qiáng)度又提高韌性的唯一有效的方法。依靠合理有效的合金設(shè)計和優(yōu)化的TMCP工藝，不改變現(xiàn)行耐大氣腐蝕鋼的成分體系，添加少量微合金元素Nb、V、Ti，采取控制軋制工藝，得到細(xì)晶組織，依靠細(xì)晶強(qiáng)化作用提高強(qiáng)度和韌性。 選用目前最常用的兩種耐候鋼09CuPCrNi和09CuPTiRE，添加微合金元素Nb,采用變形誘導(dǎo)鐵素體相變（DIFT）原理，得到細(xì)晶組織，使強(qiáng)度有較大提高，同時韌性、焊接性和腐TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S102蝕性與原耐候鋼09CuPCrNi和09CuPTiRE相當(dāng)或提高。有關(guān)這方面的研究工作，鋼鐵研究總院在理論基礎(chǔ)研究和工業(yè)性試制方面取得了較大進(jìn)展，同時寶鋼、武鋼、本鋼、攀鋼、馬鋼等鋼廠也在耐候鋼的開發(fā)和生產(chǎn)上積累較多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 2.2.1實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究情況 在國家973 “新一代鋼鐵材料重大基礎(chǔ)研究” 項(xiàng)目中，以晶粒細(xì)化為主要手段來提高鋼的性能，在研究過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)DIFT機(jī)制對組織和晶粒細(xì)化的作用十分明顯，這一細(xì)化方法和原理已在我國幾家鋼廠進(jìn)行了生產(chǎn)并供貨，主要品種為普通碳素鋼和微合金鋼，目前已應(yīng)用在汽車等行業(yè)。但變形誘導(dǎo)鐵素體相變機(jī)制以及微合金元素Nb對耐候鋼特別是銅磷系的耐候鋼其晶粒細(xì)化作用如何以前研究的不是很多，TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S102本文試將近階段的研究成果進(jìn)行總結(jié)。 試驗(yàn)選用本鋼生產(chǎn)的在鐵道車輛和集裝箱行業(yè)大量使用的兩種耐候鋼，即工業(yè)大生產(chǎn)的09CuPCrNi和09CuPTiRE，同時分別在鋼中添加微合金元素Nb，添加的Nb含量分別為（wt%）：09CuPCrNiNb鋼－0.021～0.03%，09CuPTiRENb鋼－0.017～0.03%。 應(yīng)用DIFT機(jī)制，采取低溫大壓下工藝，精軋的開TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S102軋溫度在850℃－820℃，卷曲溫度在400℃－600℃，由坯厚40mm軋到3mm。不含Nb的09CuPCrNi和09CuPTiRE和含Nb的09CuPCrNi和09CuPTiRE其試驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下。 不含Nb的09CuPCrNi和09CuPTiRE的力學(xué)性能 鋼廠常規(guī)生產(chǎn)的耐候鋼，09CuPCrNi的屈服強(qiáng)度約為400MPa，09CuPTiRE的屈服強(qiáng)度約為345MPa。盡管在目前的試驗(yàn)中采取的工藝條件比較苛刻，一般的大工業(yè)生產(chǎn)無法實(shí)現(xiàn)，但通過與軋制后鋼板的力學(xué)性能和鐵素體晶粒尺寸相比較，鋼板的強(qiáng)度和鐵素體晶粒尺寸與大生產(chǎn)的耐候鋼相比沒有明顯的改進(jìn)。從鐵素體晶粒尺寸看，經(jīng)低溫大壓下后鐵素體晶粒尺寸為6.8－10.2μm，與常規(guī)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的耐候鋼的晶粒尺寸（8－10μm）相比，細(xì)化的效果不太明顯；軋制后09CuPCrNi鋼屈服強(qiáng)度為430 MPa，09CuPTiRE鋼屈服強(qiáng)度為350 MPa，比正常生產(chǎn)耐候鋼的性能增加不多?？梢?，如果不改變耐候鋼的成分設(shè)計，不添加微合金元素，即使在低溫大壓下這樣苛刻的工藝條件下也無法較大幅度提高耐候鋼的力學(xué)性能。 含Nb的09CuPCrNiNb和09CuPTiRENb力學(xué)性能 添加少量微合金元素Nb后，細(xì)化效果十分明顯，鋼的組織顯著細(xì)化，鐵素體的晶粒尺寸基本上都在3－5μm，鋼板的強(qiáng)度顯著提高，TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S102而且保持良好的韌性。與不含Nb的鋼相比，在相同的工藝條件下，09CuPCrNiNb鋼屈服強(qiáng)度為500 MPa，09CuPTiRENb鋼屈服強(qiáng)度穩(wěn)定達(dá)到400 MPa以上，比不含Nb的材料的強(qiáng)度提高50-100MPa，同時比工業(yè)大生產(chǎn)耐候鋼的強(qiáng)度提高100MPa以上。如果工藝和組織控制合理，鋼板的屈服強(qiáng)度達(dá)到450MPa級是完全有可能的。
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TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S102
TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S100
TDM1.3-030-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.3-050-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S105
TDM7.1-030-300-W1/S102
TDM1.4-050-300-W1-000
TDM1.4-100-300-W1-000
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S100
TDM1.2-030-300-W1-000/S107
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S108
TFM3.1-050-300-W1-220
TFM3.1-050-300-W1-220
TFM3.1-050-300-W1-1
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