TDM4.1-020-300-W0電廠出灰系統(tǒng)是熱電廠的一個(gè)重要系統(tǒng)。近幾年灰渣利用率越來(lái)越高,同時(shí)干式出灰系統(tǒng)具有節(jié)約水資源、保護(hù)環(huán)境等特點(diǎn),因此目前電廠出灰多采用干式出灰系統(tǒng)。在干式出灰系統(tǒng)中,工況惡劣、控制點(diǎn)數(shù)多。傳統(tǒng)的控制系統(tǒng)由于抗干擾能力弱、可靠性差、效率低,達(dá)不到預(yù)期的控制目標(biāo)。而可編程邏輯控制器(PLC)的抗干擾能力強(qiáng)、可靠性高,選用可編程控制器(PLC)用于某熱電廠鍋爐干式出灰系統(tǒng)可以顯著提高工程的實(shí)用性。 二、工藝流程及控制要求 1、系統(tǒng)工作流程 某熱電廠共有八臺(tái)鍋爐,每臺(tái)鍋爐包括三個(gè)電場(chǎng)集塵裝置,每個(gè)電TDM4.1-020-300-W0場(chǎng)包括一組(兩個(gè))倉(cāng)泵,每個(gè)倉(cāng)泵附近配置一個(gè)就地控制箱,利用控制箱盤(pán)面上的手動(dòng)開(kāi)關(guān),可以對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)閥門(mén)進(jìn)行手動(dòng)操作和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)試。下面以單個(gè)倉(cāng)泵為例來(lái)說(shuō)明具體的工藝流程。 鍋爐煙氣中的灰塵通過(guò)電收塵收集后落入灰倉(cāng),灰倉(cāng)下部安裝有倉(cāng)泵,灰經(jīng)輸灰管進(jìn)入倉(cāng)泵。在自動(dòng)控制運(yùn)行工況下,具體工藝流程為:倉(cāng)泵內(nèi)無(wú)灰時(shí),打開(kāi)透氣閥→延時(shí)5s→開(kāi)進(jìn)料閥→延時(shí)5s→當(dāng)倉(cāng)泵進(jìn)料量達(dá)到設(shè)定值(時(shí)間/重量/人工)時(shí)→料位信號(hào)到→關(guān)閉進(jìn)料閥→延時(shí)5s→關(guān)閉透氣閥→此時(shí)判斷母管壓力是否到位/判斷灰管壓力是否到位/判斷在此系統(tǒng)中沒(méi)有其它倉(cāng)泵出灰,所有條件滿足→打開(kāi)出料閥→延時(shí)5s→打開(kāi)一次氣閥→延時(shí)5s→打開(kāi)二次氣閥1min后→檢查灰管壓力,當(dāng)灰管壓力低于設(shè)定值時(shí)→關(guān)閉一次氣閥→延時(shí)20s后→關(guān)閉二次氣閥→關(guān)閉出料閥完成一次出灰循環(huán)。 當(dāng)發(fā)生出灰管路堵塞時(shí),系統(tǒng)設(shè)置了排堵閥,通過(guò)負(fù)壓反抽來(lái)疏通出灰管路。關(guān)閉一次氣閥后,延時(shí)20s后關(guān)閉二次氣閥。目的是保證出灰管路暢通,避免發(fā)生管路堵塞。每臺(tái)倉(cāng)泵的出灰系統(tǒng)如圖1所示。 圖1 出灰系統(tǒng)流程示意圖 2、TDM4.1-020-300-W0控制要求 (1) 實(shí)現(xiàn)出灰的過(guò)程自動(dòng)化,為便于操作調(diào)整及應(yīng)急處理,應(yīng)能隨時(shí)切換到手動(dòng)控制狀態(tài); (2) 當(dāng)操作室內(nèi)的“遠(yuǎn)程/就地”開(kāi)關(guān)打到“就地”位置時(shí),自動(dòng)停止出灰; (3) 倉(cāng)泵的進(jìn)料重量和進(jìn)料時(shí)間雙重控制,進(jìn)料重量或進(jìn)料時(shí)間任意一個(gè)達(dá)到要求都作為倉(cāng)泵料滿對(duì)待; (4)同一出灰管線上只能有一個(gè)倉(cāng)泵出灰,一電場(chǎng)用一根出灰管,先滿足出灰條件的優(yōu)先出灰,二、TDM4.1-020-300-W0三電場(chǎng)共用一根出灰管,先滿足出灰條件的優(yōu)先出灰; (5) 當(dāng)發(fā)生灰管堵塞后(灰管壓力大于550KPa),報(bào)警指示燈發(fā)出聲光報(bào)警,直至灰管堵塞故障排除; (6) 當(dāng)來(lái)氣母管壓力小于400KPa時(shí),系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)停止運(yùn)行
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TDM4.1-020-300-W0
TDM4.1-030-300-W1
TDM6.1-015-300-W0
TDM6.1-030-300-W1
TDM7.1-015-300-W0
TDM7.1-030-300-W1
TDM4.1-020-300-W0/S102
TDM1.2-100-300-W1-115
TDM1.2-030-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.2-100-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.2-030-300-W1-220/S100
TDM1.2-100-300-W1-220/S100
TDM2.1-030-300-W1-220/S101
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-220/S102
TDM4.1-030-300-W1/S102
TDM1.2-100-300-W1-000/S102
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S102
TDM1.2-030-300-W1-000/S102
TDM1.2-100-300-W1-000/S100
TDM3.3-030-300-W1
TDM1.3-030-300-W1-000
TDM1.3-050-300-W1-000
TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000
TDM7.1-015-300-W0/S102
TDM4.3-020-300-W0
TDM4.3-030-300-W1
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S107
TDM1.3-030-300-W1-000/S102
TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S102
TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S100
TDM1.3-030-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.3-050-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S105
TDM7.1-030-300-W1/S102
TDM1.4-050-300-W1-000
TDM1.4-100-300-W1-000
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S100
TDM1.2-030-300-W1-000/S107
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S108
TFM3.1-050-300-W1-220
TFM3.1-050-300-W1-220
TFM3.1-050-300-W1-1
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