一、TDM7.1-015-300引言 在造紙行業(yè)中,經(jīng)常需要高精度同步控制,特別是切紙機(jī)這樣的機(jī)械,對(duì)于位置精度要求極高的情況下,靠通用變頻器速度控制已經(jīng)難以滿足要求,一般只有采用直流或者交流伺服來(lái)解決,成本較高。本文針對(duì)這一情況,提出了采用艾默生網(wǎng)絡(luò)能源有限公司生產(chǎn)的TD3000通用變頻器的實(shí)現(xiàn)方案。 二、 系統(tǒng)組成 圖1 采用通用變頻器控制的切紙機(jī)系統(tǒng) 圖1中只畫(huà)出有送紙和切紙相關(guān)部分的連接圖,放卷控制和傳送帶控制等無(wú)關(guān)部分在TDM7.1-015-300圖中未畫(huà)出。1# INV采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)TD3000產(chǎn)品,2# INV采用具有伺服功能的TD3000非標(biāo)變頻器,兩臺(tái)變頻器由PLC通過(guò)RS485通信來(lái)控制。1# 變頻器采用閉環(huán)矢量速度控制模式,速度精度可以達(dá)到0.1%以上,控制送紙輥的轉(zhuǎn)速,同時(shí)送紙電機(jī)的速度經(jīng)過(guò)X8進(jìn)入2# 變頻器作為同步跟蹤控制的脈沖輸入源,用來(lái)控制切紙輥的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)速度和位置。 三、 工作原理框圖 圖2 切紙機(jī)控制原理框圖 1、 原理分析 INV 1# 工作于閉環(huán)矢量控制,K1為送紙機(jī)械減速比;INV 2# 工作于伺服控制模式,其中K通過(guò)上位機(jī)來(lái)設(shè)定,由切紙長(zhǎng)度唯一確定,K2為切紙機(jī)械減速比。閉環(huán)矢量控制的速度、電流控制雙閉環(huán)原理框圖在圖中未畫(huà)出。K的推導(dǎo)計(jì)算如下: 送紙線速度 (m/s) (1) 切紙長(zhǎng)度 (m) (2) 式中, N1為送紙電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速,K1為送紙機(jī)械減速比,V1為線速度,D1為送紙輥的直徑,T2為切紙輥轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)一圈的周期。 由式(2)、式(1)得 (3) 同時(shí)我們可以采用切紙輥的轉(zhuǎn)速 ,求出T2 (4) 由式(3)與式(4)相等,即 整理得 (5) 定義式(5)為跟蹤速度增益K (6) 改變不同的紙的長(zhǎng)度L,可根據(jù)式(6)求出不同增益K,只要上位機(jī)實(shí)時(shí)地改變K,就可以實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)整切紙的長(zhǎng)TDM7.1-015-300度。另外,需要注意的一點(diǎn)是,在本文的分析中,隱含了一個(gè)前提,那就是切紙輥旋轉(zhuǎn)一周,即完成一次切紙過(guò)程。證明過(guò)程如下: 切紙線速度 (m/s) (7) 式中,D2為切紙輥的直徑。 由式(1)與式(7)相等,可以求出 (8) 對(duì)照式(6)和式(8),可以得到 ,即 2、精度分析 a、跟蹤誤差 由于INV 2# 采用伺服控制,由于送紙電機(jī)的加減速過(guò)程一般比較緩慢,加減速時(shí)間可達(dá)到30到60秒,甚至更長(zhǎng),因此切紙機(jī)位置動(dòng)態(tài)跟蹤誤差可以做到五個(gè)脈沖以內(nèi),則整個(gè)切紙過(guò)程跟蹤最大誤差 可以控制在式(9)要求的范圍內(nèi)。在穩(wěn)態(tài)過(guò)程中,由于TD3000閉環(huán)矢量的高精度,可以保證穩(wěn)態(tài)跟蹤誤差小于兩個(gè)脈沖,跟蹤穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差只有動(dòng)態(tài)1/4。 (9) 式中, 為誤差脈沖數(shù), 編碼器每轉(zhuǎn)脈沖數(shù)??梢钥闯鼍幋a器每轉(zhuǎn)脈沖數(shù)增大,可以減小跟蹤誤差,但是由于編碼器接口速度限制,一般不超過(guò)50kHz,選用2000P/R的編碼器已經(jīng)到了極限。假設(shè)D2為400mm,P為2000P/R,K2為14,代入式9,TDM7.1-015-300可以求出最大跟蹤誤差為0.22mm,穩(wěn)態(tài)跟蹤誤差為0.08mm。 b、速度分辨率誤差 1#1NV變頻器頻率分辨率為0.01Hz,對(duì)應(yīng)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速分辯率為0.3rpm(按照4極電機(jī)考慮),經(jīng)過(guò)X8輸入對(duì)應(yīng)每分鐘脈沖為600個(gè),每秒種則對(duì)應(yīng)10個(gè)。
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TDM7.1-015-300
TDM7.1-030-300
TDM1.2-030-300
TDM1.2-050-300
TDM1.2-100-300
TDM1.2-030-300-W0
TDM1.2-050-300-W1
TDM1.2-100-300-W1
TDM1.2-030-300-W1
TDM2.1-030-300-W1
TDM2.1-030-300-W0
TDM2.1-015-300-W0
TDM3.2-030-300-W1
TDM4.1-020-300-W0
TDM4.1-030-300-W1
TDM6.1-015-300-W0
TDM6.1-030-300-W1
TDM7.1-015-300-W0
TDM7.1-030-300-W1
TDM4.1-020-300-W0/S102
TDM1.2-100-300-W1-115
TDM1.2-030-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.2-100-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.2-030-300-W1-220/S100
TDM1.2-100-300-W1-220/S100
TDM2.1-030-300-W1-220/S101
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-220/S102
TDM4.1-030-300-W1/S102
TDM1.2-100-300-W1-000/S102
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S102
TDM1.2-030-300-W1-000/S102
TDM1.2-100-300-W1-000/S100
TDM3.3-030-300-W1
TDM1.3-030-300-W1-000
TDM1.3-050-300-W1-000
TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000
TDM7.1-015-300-W0/S102
TDM4.3-020-300-W0
TDM4.3-030-300-W1
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S107
TDM1.3-030-300-W1-000/S102
TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S102
TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S100
TDM1.3-030-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.3-050-300-W1-000/S105
TDM1.3-100-300-W1-000/S105
TDM7.1-030-300-W1/S102
TDM1.4-050-300-W1-000
TDM1.4-100-300-W1-000
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S100
TDM1.2-030-300-W1-000/S107
TDM1.2-050-300-W1-000/S108
TFM3.1-050-300-W1-220
TFM3.1-050-300-W1-220
TFM3.1-050-300-W1-1
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YASKAWA SGM-02A312
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