KULICKE & SOFFA 01483-4047-000-05在井下采煤系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用
1、采煤機ACS-800變頻器的調(diào)試運行
ACS-800變頻器有著優(yōu)良的調(diào)速性能和顯著的節(jié)能效果被廣泛應(yīng)用于煤礦及其它眾多行業(yè)。正確設(shè)置變頻器的基本參數(shù)是十分重要的。兗州礦業(yè)（集團）公司濟寧二號煤礦總結(jié)了采煤機ACS-800變頻器調(diào)試運行的經(jīng)驗。
①選擇語言，設(shè)置電動機啟動數(shù)據(jù)。有十五種語言可供選擇，應(yīng)選（ENGLISH）英語，（FACTORY）基本應(yīng) 用于工廠、（NO）不恢復(fù)出廠設(shè)置、（DTC）直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制。根據(jù)電動機銘牌選擇合適的電壓、頻率范圍、電動機轉(zhuǎn)速和電動機功率等。
②KULICKE & SOFFA 01483-4047-000-05通過設(shè)置數(shù)字輸入端，實現(xiàn)外部啟動、停機和旋轉(zhuǎn)方向。加速時間就是變頻器輸出頻率由零頻升到最大頻率所需時間，一般8～10s。減速時間是從給定最大值降至零頻所需時間，一般3～5s。確保加速時不過流、減速時不過壓。加、減速時間可根據(jù)電動機功率進行計算，實際應(yīng)用時根據(jù)現(xiàn)場情況適當(dāng)調(diào)整，以不出現(xiàn)過電流、過電壓為原則。
③加減速模式選擇。變頻器加減速有線形、非線形和S形曲線運行模式。采煤機啟動和運行負載變化較大，且加速度要緩慢，變頻器可選擇S形曲線運行模式，以滿足不同的復(fù)雜地質(zhì)條件需要。
④設(shè)置轉(zhuǎn)矩補償。以此來提高電動機在低速啟動時轉(zhuǎn)矩提升，應(yīng)采取自動補償功能，確保電動機加速順利進行。
⑤電子過流保護功能設(shè)置。這是為了保護電動機因過流而燒毀，漏電保護功能對電動機及電纜實時監(jiān)視絕緣情況。工作電流超過設(shè)定值時過流保護功能動作，絕緣值下降至設(shè)定值以下時漏電保護功能將切斷電源，實現(xiàn)保護牽引電動機的要求。
⑥KULICKE & SOFFA 01483-4047-000-05模擬加載調(diào)試采煤機。接上電源后仔細觀察有無異?，F(xiàn)象，然后進行初加速。在加速時限制頻率給定時要緩慢，頻率上升率不要太陡，以防止出現(xiàn)過電流保護。此時觀察電動機轉(zhuǎn)速是否由小到大過渡運行平穩(wěn)確保電動機接近滿載情況下可靠運行。
2、電牽引采煤機變頻器故障分析與處理
電牽引采煤機應(yīng)用變頻器替代了原先的液壓牽引方式，提高了采煤機運行的可靠性。兗州礦業(yè)（集團）公司鮑店煤礦通過大量現(xiàn)場實踐，總結(jié)出使用和維護變頻器的經(jīng)驗，保障了電牽引采煤機的正常運行。變頻器位于牽引控制箱的右前側(cè)，主要用于控制采煤機的左右行走速度。
KULICKE & SOFFA 01483-4047-000-05對于采煤機只能進行單向行走的單向牽引事故，除平時經(jīng)常清理按鈕表面的粉塵，并做好防銹處理以防出現(xiàn)按鈕卡住現(xiàn)象外，還要加強對插座的維護和保護，控制線在壓接時用力適度，線頭壓得過緊易出現(xiàn)斷絲，采煤機振動時易造成線頭虛接。
對于采煤機運行時能牽引，但在行走過程中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)突然停機，停機后有時有故障顯示有時無故障顯示，復(fù)位后仍能開機的病態(tài)牽引事故，先不要急于動手，首先詢問司機關(guān)于采煤機工作運行情況和故障現(xiàn)象，觀察功能顯示和參數(shù)顯示，仔細傾聽采煤機運行聲音，分清是機械故障還是電氣故障，確定故障范圍，由點到面層層分析，然后再進行事故處理。
對于采煤機不牽引的事故，其原因可分為硬故障和軟故障。硬故障是指采煤機出現(xiàn)不牽引后信息顯示直觀，能直接從顯示窗口上獲得故障信息。軟故障是指采煤機出現(xiàn)不牽引后從顯示窗口查不出各種信息，故障點信息較模糊，難以對事故進行處理。現(xiàn)場處理是更換功率平衡板。該板是易損件，出現(xiàn)類似事故時應(yīng)及時更換。平常應(yīng)加強對變頻器電源輸入聯(lián)接線的維護，采取隔離和包扎等措施，使變頻器電源輸入線不與器壁和其它元件接觸，可有效防止事故發(fā)生。
3、交流電牽引采煤機綜合試驗臺
兗州礦業(yè)（集團）公司機械制修廠研制的電牽引采煤機綜合試驗臺，可對ＭＣＬＥ600-DR102102、SL300、MGTY400/900-3.3D三種常用交流電牽引采煤機的電氣系統(tǒng)進行測試，并可同時對2臺變頻器進行試驗，由2臺變頻器分別拖動2臺交流電動機，也可一拖一或一拖二。
3.1該綜合試驗臺由3個部分組成。
①交流變頻調(diào)速試驗單元：主要設(shè)備有油自冷式調(diào)壓器、三相異變電動機、直流電動機和數(shù)字式直流調(diào)速裝置、轉(zhuǎn)速轉(zhuǎn)矩傳感器、控制臺，實現(xiàn)交流變頻調(diào)速裝置電氣性能和牽引電機及機械性能的測試，完成變頻調(diào)速裝置保護功能的測試。能測試的項目主要有變頻器在空載狀態(tài)下的工作性能試驗、加載試驗、溫升試驗、電網(wǎng)電壓波動試驗、速度調(diào)節(jié)范圍試驗、制動與正反轉(zhuǎn)運行試驗、機械調(diào)速特性試驗。
②計算機信號數(shù)據(jù)處理單元：核心設(shè)備有工業(yè)控制用計算機（含模擬量、數(shù)字量、輸入輸出接板）、寬行彩色打印機、信號調(diào)理變送電路，主要用來采集來自交流變頻調(diào)速單元的信號和數(shù)據(jù)，按照測試項目的要求進行數(shù)據(jù)處理和顯示。
③KULICKE & SOFFA 01483-4047-000-05采煤機控制、監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)試驗單元：共包括監(jiān)測信號模擬發(fā)生電路（分別模擬采煤機牽引部、截割部等處的電流、溫度、壓力等檢測信號，能在規(guī)定量程內(nèi)變化，并具備計量校準的功能，可以代替原信號送檢測中心）、采煤機操作信號模擬發(fā)生電路（模擬采煤機的各種信號，如送電、牽啟、左行、右行等，可以代替原信號控制采煤機各部的動作）、采煤機動作響應(yīng)顯示電路（代替采煤機各部在控制中心輸出信號后作出的響應(yīng)指示），主要對采煤機控制監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的功能進行測試。
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