MAC1120-2-HD-4-C/130-A-0/W-I520LX/S005今天，隨著高鐵、華為和大疆等一批高新中國企業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展，“Made in China”已讓中國的對外貿易能力提升到新的層次，并激發(fā)國內的創(chuàng)新氛圍，向產業(yè)轉型堅定邁進。那么，下一個30年，公眾如何看待“中國制造”？
中國青年報社會調查中心聯(lián)合問卷網發(fā)起的一項調查（2002人參與）顯示，對于“中國制造”的未來30年的發(fā)展，67.0%的受訪者堅信，“中國制造”會走向“中國創(chuàng)造”。
過去30年里，“中國制造”取得了矚目成就，然而，隨著科技因素逐步成為制造業(yè)的競爭利器，人口紅利、原材料等中國制造的驅動要素正喪失優(yōu)勢，中國制造的現(xiàn)狀并不樂觀。
MAC1120-2-HD-4-C/130-A-0/W-I520LX/S005目前，“中國制造”還存在哪些不足，值得引起全社會的重視？
調查中，61.8%的受訪者認為，“中國制造”目前的首要問題就是質量品控不嚴、粗制濫造。45.8%的受訪者指出，“中國制造”長期在低端徘徊、被剪羊毛。44.5%的受訪者認為，過于重視眼前利益、整體缺乏匠人精神也是“中國制造”內功弱的體現(xiàn)。
MAC1120-2-HD-4-C/130-A-0/W-I520LX/S005受訪者認為“中國制造”還存在產業(yè)利潤低、依賴人口紅利（38.2%）、高精尖技術掌握有限（33.9%）、“市場換技術”戰(zhàn)略錯誤（31.2%）、自主產權少以致長期面臨壁壘（30.6%）和產能過剩和浪費（28.6%）等嚴重問題。
曹年（化名）先生是北京一家科技公司的軟件工程師，主要負責軟件產品的研發(fā)及互聯(lián)網信息技術服務。曹年反映，中國軟件在國際市場上缺乏競爭力，主要問題在于行業(yè)混亂。“各種價格戰(zhàn)、廣告戰(zhàn)等惡性競爭導致行業(yè)內很難出現(xiàn)一家領頭羊。另外，我們對專利保護這塊不夠重視，你的創(chuàng)新很快就會被人模仿，對手會用更低的價格打敗你，創(chuàng)新的成本太高了”。
MAC1120-2-HD-4-C/130-A-0/W-I520LX/S005據曹年反映，這種狀況也在所有科技領域也普遍存在，“大疆和銀河超級計算機的成功畢竟是少數，像航天領域的核心材料和元器件，數控機床等很多相關工業(yè)設備，我們仍長期受制于人。這種掣肘只能靠自身從內突破，想靠市場或合作換，只會越來越糟”。
調查中，85.4%的受訪者認為，中國應該堅持自主研發(fā)各項高精尖技術，這樣才能夠逐步占領國際分工中利潤豐厚的環(huán)節(jié)。60.8%的受訪者進一步分析，只有國產能力提高了，發(fā)達國家的同類產品的市場價格才會降低。因此，任何領域的自主研發(fā)雖然投入大、周期長，影響卻是深遠而具體的。
曹年也舉例，“比如程控交換機，以前朗訊和思科賣的非常貴，但華為的一出來他們就降到了和華為差不多的價格，也沒什么利潤了，因為他們的成本比較高。還有修地鐵的盾構機，國產的一出來，國外的也非常便宜了”。
在實際調查中，71.3%的受訪者明確表示，對未來30年的“中國制造”的發(fā)展充滿信心。不僅如此，67.0%的受訪者還堅信，“中國制造”會走向“中國創(chuàng)造”。
MAC1120-2-HD-4-C/130-A-0/W-I520LX/S005本次參與調查的受訪者中，7.8%的人為碩士及以上學歷，58.3%的人為大學本科學歷，22.9%的人為大學?？茖W歷，10.9%的人為高中及以下學歷。受訪者的年齡分布為，23.6%為90后，48.1%為80后，21.1%為70后，7.2%為60后及以上。
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MAC1120-2-HD-4-C/130-A-0/W-I520LX/S005
MAC112C-0-HD-4-C/130-A-0/WI518LV/S021
MAC112B-0-LD-3-C/130-A-0
MAC112D-0-HD-4-C/130-A-0/WI520LV/S005
MAC112D-0-ED-4-C/130-B-0/WI520LV/S005
MAC112D-0-ED-4-C/130-A-2/WI520LV/S013
MAC112C-0-HD-3C-130-A-0-S005
MAC112D-0-ED-4-C-13-A-D-WI520LV-S005
MAC112C-0-HD-2-C/130-A-0/S05
MAC115A-0-FS-3-C/130-A-0/S001
MAC112C-0-HD-3-C/130-A-0-2/WI520LV/S001
MAC112C-0-HD-3-C/130-A-0
MAC112C-0-HD-2-C/130-A-0/S05
MAC112D0ED4C/130A0/WI520LX/S005
MAC112C-0-ED-2-C/130-A-0/S005
MAC093B-0-0S-3-C/130-A-0/S001
MAC112D-2-HD-3-C/130-A-O/S05
MAC112D-0-ED-4-C/130-A-0/WI520LX/S005
MAC90A-0-RD-4C/130-A-0/WI52Q/S011
MAC112D-0-FD-4-C.130A-0.WI520X.S005
MAC112D-HD-3-C.130A-0.S005 Used
MAC112D-0-E0-4-C/130-A-0/WI520LX/S005
MAC112D-2-HD-3C/130-A-0
MAC112D-0-ED-4-C/130-A-1/WI520LV/S005
MAC112D-0ED-4-C/130-A-0/WI520LV/S005
MAC112C-2-ED-4-C/130-A-2/WI520LV/S018
MAC112D-0-ED-3-C/130-A-2/S018
MAC112D-0-ED-1-B/130-A-0/J625/S05
MAC112C-0-HD-4-C/130-A-0/WI520LX/S005
MAC112C-0-ED-4-C/130-A-0/WI520LV/S005
MAC112D-0-ED-1-C/130-A-0/S05/J625
MAC112C-0-HD-3-C/130-B-0/S005
MAC112D-0-ED-4-C/130-B-2/WI522LV/S018
MAC112C-0-ED-4-C/130-A-0/WI520LV/S005
MAC90C-0-GD-3C/110-A-O-S001
MAC112C-1-HD-3-C/130-A-0
MAC112D-O-ED4
3HAA0001-FK COVER, BRAKE RELEASE UNIT
3HAA0001-FT Reduction Gear RV-30AT-57
3HAA0001-GN Wrist
3HAA0001-GY Interm. Wheel Unit
3HAA0001-HA Gear Unit
3HAA0001-HJ Reduction Gear RV-30AT-81
3HAA0001-JA Cable Axis 5
3HAA0001-JC Cable Axis 6
3HAA0001-M Gear unit
3HAA0001-SK CABLE
3HAA0001-SY LIFT DEVICE FOR FORKLIFT
3HAA0001-UA ACCESSORIES FOR TCP-ADJ.
3HAA0001-UL RADIALFAN
3HAA0001-XH MOTOR AX.1
3HAA0001-XJ MOTOR AX.2-3
3HAA0001-XK MOTOR AX.6
3HAA0001-XR CALIBRATION EQUIPMENT
3HAA0001-YG CABL.UPPER.NO CUST-CONN.
3HAA0001-YH Cabl.upper.Front c-conn.
3HAA0001-YM Lower cabel
3HAA0001-YN LOWER CABLE,FRONT C-CONN.
3HAA0001-YP LOWER CABLE SHELF,C-CONN.
3HAA0001-YR Cablage axis 5
3HAA0001-YS Cablage axis 5
3HAA0001-YT Cable axis 6
3HAA0001-YU Cable axis 6
3HAA0001-YV SIGNAL CABLE
3HAA0001-YX CABLE MOTOR 2
3HAA0001-YY XCABLE MOTOR 3
3HAA0001-ZB COVER
3HAA0001-ZH MOTOR AX.4,5
3HAA0001-ZK COVER WITH GASKET
3HAA1001-100 Damper axis 4
3HAA1001-101 Damper Axis 5
3HAA1001-102 Stop axis 4, Upper arm
3HAA1001-103 Spacer
3HAA1001-104 Bracket for sync. plate
3HAA1001-106 Washer
3HAA1001-107 Shaft
3HAA1001-108 Spacer
3HAA1001-109 Locking nut
3HAA1001-112 Gasket
3HAA1001-123 Damper
3HAA1001-124 Support ring
3HAA1001-125 Spacer
3HAA1001-126 Spacer
3HAA1001-127 Shaft
3HAA1001-129 Taper Roller Bearing
3HAA1001-13 Clamp casting
3HAA1001-130 Taper Roller Bearing
3HAA1001-131 Cylind. Roller Bearin
3HAA1001-132 Deep Groove Ball Bearing
3HAA1001-134 Washer
3HAA1001-135 BELLOW
3HAA1001-136 PLATE
3HAA1001-142 BRACKET
3HAA1001-143 BRACKET
3HAA1001-144 BRACKET
3HAA1001-146 WEDGE
3HAA1001-154 ANGLE
3HAA1001-16 Hub Axis 4 Machining
3HAA1001-161 Cover
3HAA1001-162 Cable clamp
3HAA1001-164 Protective plate
3HAA1001-166 Gasket
3HAA1001-168 Taper Roller Bearing
3HAA1001-17 Stop, Axis 4, Casting
3HAA1001-172 Washer
3HAA1001-173 Sealing Ring
3HAA1001-174 Sync. plate
3HAA1001-176 Cover Axis 4
3HAA1001-181 SPRING WASHER
3HAA1001-186 Washer
3HAA1001-189 SPHERICAL ROLLER BEARING
3HAA1001-196 HEX.SOCKET HEAD CAP SCREW
3HAA1001-199 CAP
3HAA1001-200 SUPPORT WASHER
3HAA1001-201 Contaktholder
3HAA1001-202 CONTACT HOLDER
3HAA1001-207 RADIAL BEARING
3HAA1001-21 Pinion
3HAA1001-218 HOSE CLIP
3HAA1001-230 Spiral hose
3HAA1001-24 Gear
3HAA1001-243 Cable gland
3HAA1001-244 Cable gland
3HAA1001-262 Gear
3HAA1001-267 Washer
3HAA1001-282 SUPPORT PLATE
3HAA1001-297 Friction Washer
3HAA1001-302 Cover
3HAA1001-305 Cover
3HAA1001-316 OTOR BRACKET, L.H.
3HAA1001-317 Shaft
3HAA1001-33 Cover axis 4, machining
3HAA1001-334 WEIGHT ADAPTER
3HAA1001-342 SYNC MOUNT AXIS 2 SHELF
3HAA1001-343 SYNC MOUNT AXIS 3,4 SHELF
3HAA1001-344 SYNC MOUNT AXIS 5,6
3HAA1001-346 BRACKET FOR SYNC PLATE
3HAA1001-347 BRACKET FOR SYNC PLATE
3HAA1001-39 Hub machining
3HAA1001-500 Cover
3HAA1001-501 Cover
3HAA1001-513 Instruction label
3HAA1001-519 INPUT GEAR
3HAA1001-522 Input Gear
3HAA1001-525 Hood for 25p D.sub
3HAA1001-526 Hood for 15p D.sub
3HAA1001-531 SLEEVE
3HAA1001-578 Straight Union
3HAA1001-603 HOLDER
3HAA1001-604 COVER
3HAA1001-605 FLANGE
3HAA1001-606 BRACKET
3HAA1001-607 GASKET
3HAA1001-608 GASKET
3HAA1001-612 AIR FILTER
3HAA1001-613 FRICTION RING
3HAA1001-614 FRIKTION RING
3HAA1001-616 FRIKTION RING
3HAA1001-622 Damper axis 3
3HAA1001-628 Sealing
3HAA1001-630 DUST CAP
3HAA1001-632 Washer
3HAA1001-636 CABLE HOLDER
3HAA1001-658 O-RING
3HAA1001-668 HOLDER
3HAA1001-670 CONNECTION BOX
3HAA1001-672 CABLE CLAMP
3HAA1001-691 Cable guide rail
3HAA1001-695 Bottom plate
3HAA1001-700 Cover with gasket
3HAA1001-701 Gasket
3HAA1001-71 PARALLEL ROD MACHINING
3HAA1001-716 Grease tube
3HAA1001-718 Cable protection
3HAA1001-719 COVER
3HAA1001-721 GUIDE FOR CABLING
3HAA1001-727 ENVIRONMENTAL DUST CAP
3HAA1001-73 Sync. plate, axis 1
3HAA1001-74 Sync. plate, axis 2
3HAA1001-75 Sync. plate, axis 3
3HAA1001-76 Sync. plate axes 4
3HAA1001-77 Sync. plate,axis 5
3HAA1001-78 Sync. plate, axis 6
3HAA1001-79 Sync. plate with nonie
3HAA1001-81 Damper
3HAA1001-82 SPACING SLEEVE
3HAA1001-83 SEALING RING
3HAA1001-86 Ring, plastic
3HAA1001-88 AXIS FOR PARALLELBAR
3HAA1001-89 STOP
3HAA1001-90 Damper, lower arm
3HAA1001-97 Gasket
3HAA1001-98 Gasket
3HAA2010-1 Signal cable
3HAA2021-1 Thrust Washer
3HAA2034-1 GEAR SET
3HAA2035-1 GEAR SET
3HAA2039-1 Sleeve
3HAA2043-1 Nut
3HAA2049-1 Driver
3HAA2050-1 Turning Disc Ax.5-6
3HAA2052-1 Threaded ring
3HAA2058-13 Bearing sealing
3HAA2092-11 Bearing sealing
3HAA2092-12 Bearing sealing
3HAA2095-12 Shims
3HAA2095-13 Shims
3HAA2099-12 Groove ball bearing
3HAA2103-11 Taper roller bearing
3HAA2103-13 Taper roller bearing
3HAA2103-14 Taper roller bearing
3HAA2103-15 Taper roller bearing
3HAA2103-16 Taper roller bearing
3HAA2103-18 Taper roller bearing
3HAA2103-27 Taper roller bearing
3HAA2104-11 O-ring
3HAA2107-11 Clamping bush
3HAA2111-1 Buffer
3HAA2121-3 Rotator axis 4 compl.
3HAA2126-1 Bracket
3HAA2128-1 Bracket
3HAA2130-1 Bearing
3HAA2155-1 Damper
3HAA2165-20 U-nut
3HAA2166-11 84-Cover 80*10
3HAA2166-12 VK-Cover
3HAA2166-13 VK-Cover
3HAA2166-16 VK-Cover
3HAA2166-17 VK-Cover
3HAA2166-18 VK-Cover
3HAA2166-19 VK-Cover
3HAA2166-20 VK-Cover
3HAA2166-21 VK-Cover
