伺服電機 R2X1N1U1B1T0F
用萬能表檢測電路板
1.離線檢測
測出IC芯片各引腳對地之間的正,反電阻值.以此與好的IC芯片
進行比較,從而找到故障點.
2.在線檢測
1)直流電阻的檢測法
同離線檢測.但要注意:
(a)要斷開待測電路板上的電源;
(b)萬能表內(nèi)部電壓不得大于6V;
(c)測量時,要注意外圍的影響.如與IC芯片相連的電位器等.
2)直流工作電壓的測量法
測得IC芯片各腳直流電壓與正常值相比即可.但也要注意：
(a)萬能表要有足夠大的內(nèi)阻,數(shù)字表為;
(b)各電位器旋到中間位置;
(c)表筆或探頭要采取防滑措施,可用自行車氣門芯套在筆頭上,
并應(yīng)長出筆尖約5mm;
(d)當測量值與正常值不相符時,應(yīng)根據(jù)該引腳電壓,對IC芯片正
常值有無影響以及其它引腳電壓的相應(yīng)變化進行分析;
(e)IC芯片引腳電壓會受外圍元器件的影響.當外圍有漏電,短路,
開路或變質(zhì)等;
(f)IC芯片部分引腳異常時,則從偏離大的入手.先查外圍元器件,
若無故障,則IC芯片損壞;
(g)對工作時有動態(tài)信號的電路板,有無信號IC芯片引腳電壓是不
同的.但若變化不正常則IC芯片可能已壞;
(h)對多種工作方式的設(shè)備,在不同工作方式時IC腳的電壓是不同
的.
3)交流工作電壓測試法
用帶有dB檔的萬能表,對IC進行交流電壓近似值的測量.若沒有dB
檔,則可在正表筆串入一只0.1-0.5μF隔離直流電容.該方法適用
于工作頻率比較低的IC.但要注意這些信號將受固有頻率,波形不
同而不同.所以所測數(shù)據(jù)為近似值,僅供參考.
4)總電流測量法
通過測IC電源的總電流,來判別IC的好壞.由于IC內(nèi)部大多數(shù)為直
流耦合,IC損壞時(如PN結(jié)擊穿或開路)會引起后級飽和與截止,使
總電流發(fā)生變化.所以測總電流可判斷IC的好壞.在線測得回路電
阻上的電壓,即可算出電流值來.
以上檢測方法,各有利弊.在實際應(yīng)用中將這些方法結(jié)合來運用.運用好了
就能維修好各種電路板。
伺服電機 R2X1N1U1B1T0F
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