程序設(shè)計(jì)
1.程序設(shè)計(jì)
根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的控制要求,采用合適的設(shè)計(jì)方法來設(shè)計(jì)PLC程序。程序要以滿足系統(tǒng)控制要求為主線,逐一編寫實(shí)現(xiàn)各控制功能或各子任務(wù)的程序,逐步完善系統(tǒng)的功能。除此之外,程序通常還應(yīng)包括以下內(nèi)容:
1)初始化程序。在PLC上電后,一般都要做一些初始化的操作,為啟動作必要的準(zhǔn)備,避免系統(tǒng)發(fā)生誤動作。初始化程序的主要內(nèi)容有:對某些數(shù)據(jù)區(qū)、計(jì)數(shù)器等進(jìn)行清零,對某些數(shù)據(jù)區(qū)所需數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行恢復(fù),對某些繼電器進(jìn)行置位或復(fù)位,對某些初始狀態(tài)進(jìn)行顯示等等。
2)檢測、故障診斷和顯示等程序。這些程序相對獨(dú)立,一般在程序設(shè)計(jì)基本完成時(shí)再添加。
3)保護(hù)和連鎖程序。保護(hù)和連鎖是程序中不可缺少的部分,必須認(rèn)真加以考慮。它可以避免由于非法操作而引起的控制邏輯混亂。
2.程序模擬調(diào)試
程序模擬調(diào)試的基本思想是,以方便的形式模擬產(chǎn)生現(xiàn)場實(shí)際狀態(tài),為程序的運(yùn)行創(chuàng)造必要的環(huán)境條件。根據(jù)產(chǎn)生現(xiàn)場信號的方式不同,模擬調(diào)試有硬件模擬法和軟件模擬法兩種形式。
1)硬件模擬法是使用一些硬件設(shè)備(如用另一臺PLC或一些輸入器件等)模擬產(chǎn)生現(xiàn)場的信號,并將這些信號以硬接線的方式連到PLC系統(tǒng)的輸入端,其時(shí)效性較強(qiáng)。
2)軟件模擬法是在PLC中另外編寫一套模擬程序,模擬提供現(xiàn)場信號,其簡單易行,但時(shí)效性不易保證。模擬調(diào)試過程中,可采用分段調(diào)試的方法,并利用編程器的監(jiān)控功能。
電源 6SN1145-1AA00-0AA0
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