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作為火電廠安全經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行主導(dǎo)因素的熱控自動(dòng)化設(shè)備DCS系統(tǒng)，近年來得到了普遍應(yīng)用，為火電廠機(jī)組安全、穩(wěn)定的運(yùn)行起到了積極的作用。但是，DCS系統(tǒng)的安全性和可靠性還有待提高，在運(yùn)行過程中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)這樣或那樣的故障，這些故障的出現(xiàn)，導(dǎo)致了發(fā)電機(jī)組的非計(jì)劃停運(yùn)，給發(fā)電企業(yè)造成不應(yīng)有的損失。
　　1、DCS系統(tǒng)常見的故障
　　隨著工業(yè)生產(chǎn)自動(dòng)化的不斷興起、過程控制要求的日益復(fù)雜，一種綜合控制系統(tǒng)――DCS系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用而生了。由于目前各火電廠對(duì)DCS系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用水平的限制，系統(tǒng)在運(yùn)行過程中難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)故障。常見的DCS系統(tǒng)故障有：電源系統(tǒng)故障、硬件(模件)故障、系統(tǒng)軟件故障和通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)故障。
　　1.1電源系統(tǒng)故障
　　電源故障是DCS系統(tǒng)的致命故障，一旦電源出現(xiàn)故障，不僅整個(gè)系統(tǒng)會(huì)停止運(yùn)行，而且還會(huì)導(dǎo)致機(jī)組的跳閘，造成非計(jì)劃停運(yùn)。
　　1.1.1電源系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障的主要原因
　　電源方面的問題比較多，一是備用電源不能自投，雖采用UPS和APS雙路互為備用的供電方式，但在轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)瞬間失電，導(dǎo)致機(jī)組跳閘;二是保險(xiǎn)配置不合理及DPU電源內(nèi)部故障等造成電源中斷，導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的停止;三是穩(wěn)壓電源波動(dòng)引起保護(hù)誤動(dòng)及接插頭接觸不良導(dǎo)致穩(wěn)壓電源無輸出;四是有的系統(tǒng)整個(gè)機(jī)柜通過一路保險(xiǎn)供所有輸入信號(hào)或一路電源外接負(fù)載很大，導(dǎo)致模件的損壞;五是系統(tǒng)電源未采用UPS供電，冗余備用就更無從談起。
　　1.1.2電源系統(tǒng)故障應(yīng)采取的防范措施
　　要保證DCS系統(tǒng)的安全、穩(wěn)定，首先要具備合理的電源布置，其次要選用高質(zhì)量的電源模塊，并要保證較高的冗余率。再次是注意觀察電源的輸出電壓，防止出現(xiàn)波動(dòng)。第四是對(duì)電源實(shí)行壽命管理，該更換的時(shí)候必須更換，絕對(duì)不允許等到電源出現(xiàn)了故障的時(shí)候才更換。
　　1.2硬件(模件)故障
　　DCS系統(tǒng)的硬件(模件)卡件可分為處理器模件、I/O模件及通訊模件三大部分，這三大模件的功能各自不同，常見的故障部位為過程通道和人機(jī)接口。
　　1.2.1硬件(模件)出現(xiàn)故障的主要原因
　?、龠^程通道故障也就是I/O卡件故障。引起I/O卡件發(fā)生故障的第一方面的原因是卡件因長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作而出現(xiàn)老化和損壞，這種工作的發(fā)生，一般是隱藏性的，只有參數(shù)出現(xiàn)異常，系統(tǒng)才會(huì)報(bào)警;第二個(gè)方面是連接線松動(dòng)導(dǎo)致部分I/O模件與主機(jī)的通信中斷，在這種情況下，系統(tǒng)會(huì)馬上做出反應(yīng)，出現(xiàn)報(bào)警;第三個(gè)方面是外界強(qiáng)電信號(hào)竄入形成干擾而導(dǎo)致通道故障的發(fā)生。
　　②諸如球標(biāo)和控制操作出現(xiàn)失靈和實(shí)效以及操作員站出現(xiàn)死機(jī)、鍵盤和打印機(jī)出現(xiàn)工作不正常的現(xiàn)象都屬于人機(jī)接口故障。
　　球標(biāo)操作失靈的原因有裝置因長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作發(fā)生老化或者被浮塵或油膩污染，致使觸點(diǎn)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)自行通斷，也或是電纜插頭接觸不良造成與主機(jī)的通信斷路。
　　控制操作實(shí)效的主要原因是因球標(biāo)的操作信號(hào)不能改變過程通道的狀態(tài)，有三種可能：其一可能是過程通道硬件發(fā)生故障;其二可能是操作員站所用軟件的缺陷;其三是設(shè)備超負(fù)荷或者過多地打開窗口，導(dǎo)致不響應(yīng)。
　　操作員站死機(jī)的原因基本與控制操作失效的原因相同。
　　鍵盤工作不正常的原因有：鍵盤組態(tài)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤、接觸不良、連接電纜松動(dòng)或者在啟動(dòng)主機(jī)時(shí)誤動(dòng)了鍵盤，造成啟動(dòng)缺失。
　　打印機(jī)出現(xiàn)工作不正常的原因：或者是配置不合理，或者是因?qū)Υ蛴C(jī)實(shí)施屏蔽而造成的。

Schneider Modicon ASB875111 Analog Input Module AS-B875-111

Schneider Modicon AS-C484-265 USPP ASC484265

Schneider Modicon AS-W955-012 NSFP ASW955012

Schneider Modicon AS-W808-002 USPP ASW808002

Schneider Modicon Discrete Combi - AS-BDAP-220

MODICON MM-PM10-200 PANELMATE PLUS MONITOR

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SIEMENS SINUMERIK 840D/DE NCU 572.5 6FC5357-0BB25-0AA0 NIB

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Allen-Bradley 1771-OBD 10/60V DC OUTPUT MODULE 16 OUTPUTS - ATS 365 Warranty

ABB ACS800-U31-0020-5 DRIVE ACS800U3100205

ADEPT 10332-00505 VJI MODULE CONTROL CARD REV D

6FX1191-0AA00 GE548189.0001.00 SIEMENS 03800 TYP 03 800-ab 03800-ab from"DUBAI"

9465-KPM XYCOM MONITORS CRT REMANUFACTURED

STAEFA CONTROL SYS 549-407 USPP 549407

COOPER TOOLS 2BA-2B150A-2/2K2A-2ZA USPP 2BA2B150A22K2A2Z

CABLETRON SSR-SERC-04-AA USPP SSRSERC04AA

NEMATRON CORP IC61A1-C8910461 USPP IC61A1C8910461

MICRO EPSILON ILD-1401-50(000) USPP ILD140150000

FANUC A80L-0024-0004-02 USPP A80L0024000402

Siemens 6ES5 241-1AA12 6ES52411AA12

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Siemens 6ES5 242-1AA13S5 COUNTER MODULE CIRCUIT BOARD 54315

SIEMENS 6ES7621-1AD02-0AE3 Membrane Keypad C7-621

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Interface PCI expansion interface module PCI-2724C 2724

YOSHIMURA FOR YAMAHA RHINO 700 08-11

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Pacific Scientific SC453-004-05

Schneider Modicon AS-B883-200 Thermocouple Input AS-B883-200 In/O

Schneider Modicon AS-521P-001 USPP AS521P001

Schneider Modicon AS-M480-004 USPP ASM480004

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Schneider Modicon 115VAC B351 INPUT MODULE AS-B351-001

Schneider Modicon AS-BDAP-210 TSX OUTPUT MODULE

SIEMENS TRI-S SINGLE INPUT INTEL INTERFACE MODULE 500-896225

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SIEMENS SINKING DIGITAL OUTPUT MODULE 505-3532 5053532

SIEMENS 4AV2401-2EB00-0A POWER SUPPLY NNB

SIEMENS SINUMERIK 820 T 6FX1121-4BA03 TESTED WARRANTY

Cisco WS-SVC-CMM Communication Media Module Warranty

SIEMENS SIMODRIVE 6SN1145-1BA01-0DA1 6SN11451BA010DA1

SIEMENS SIMODRIVE 6SN1145-1AA01-0AA1SINUMETIK 840D NCU-BOX 6FC52476FC5356 [5]

Advantech PCA-6006 CPU Main Board REV B2

Allen-Bradley 2711-TC1-B PanelView Touch Screen

ABB 3HAB8101-6/01E DSQC346B Servo Drive Unit

ACCURAY 58119687 USPP 58119687

A16B-2202-0900 Fanuc Main CPU with all daughter boards in good quality

810A06A ALLEN BRADLEY 810 A06A

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ASEA BROWN BOVERI 57310255-AX USPP 57310255AX

ALLEN BRADLEY 8520-S10 USPP 8520S10

MAGNETEK GPD515C-B096 USPP GPD515CB096

HONEYWELL 14506951-003 USPP 14506951003

ALLEN BRADLEY 1336Z-PA022-N-GM1 NSFP 1336ZPA022NGM1

REXROTH 8107199569 NSPP 8107199569

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PWR-950-AC 950W AC P/S FOR CISCO 7600 AND CAT 6500

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Modicon SW-CS9D-1DA

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Schneider Modicon AS-P120-125 125VDC Power Sply ASP120125

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SIEMENSTEXASINSTRUMENTSOUTPUTMODULE500-5012

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ABB YB 560 103-AN POWER SUPPLY YB560103AN

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75 HP 1800 RPM electric motor 365T 3 PH TEFC 230/460

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ALLEN BRADLEY 1747-L551 FNFP 1747L551

GIDDINGS & LEWIS 502-03994-00 NSFP 5020399400

VARIAN VZM-6991G3R USPP VZM6991G3R

TELEMECANIQUE TSX-P67-455 USPP TSXP67455

GATES TP532014MGT55 NSPP TP532014MGT55

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Reliance Shark 57C554 Remote I/O Interface 57C-554

Texas Instruments 305-10T

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Schneider Modicon AS-E685-904 ASE685904 Memory Module

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Schneider Modicon AS-S908-110 / 984-8 S908 PROC SNGL CABLE

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SIEMENS SIMODRIVE 611 6SN1118-0NK00-0AA2

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ABB Power Switchgear 4800 Volt W/ ABB Power Circuit Breaker 1200 Amp 4.76 KV

YUASA CORPORATION 60V 15A UNIT,SWU 60 15 T2 D1

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GE FANUC IC3600VMPA1 USPP IC3600VMPA1

SIEMENS 6SE7643-7HC33-3KX0 NSFP 6SE76437HC333KX0

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Siemens Driver Board 6SA8252-0BD23 for 6SA8923-8EB40

Schneider Modicon Premium TSXDEY16A4 TSX DEY 16A4 120VAC Input NIB

Square D 8884 SRK-100

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Schneider Modicon AS-BDAP-253 MODULE RELAY ASBDAP253

Schneider Modicon AS-B814-108 USPP ASB814108

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SCHNEIDER TSX ASY 410 OUTPUT MODULE TSXASY410

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ADS WILMORE1654 48 VDC VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY TELCOM

(BRFM) 1 CONTROL TECHNIQUES CDVE20HPICD 20HP AC DRIVE (BRFM)

IRCON R-25F05-0-1-1-22-0/200 NSPP R25F05011220200

YOKOGAWA 376031-02/D/RS232C/SIT/LMP NSPP 37603102DRS232CS

FERRAZ SHAWMUT A50QS175-4 NSPP A50QS1754

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PROFACE GP577R-TC41-24VP NSFP GP577RTC4124VP

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Siemens 6ES5-925-3KA12 NSFP 6ES59253KA12

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Siemens 6ES7 322-1HH01-0AA0 6ES73221HH010AA0

Sprecher and Schuh KT3-25-DB-45-5

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WS-SVC-CMM-6T1 6-PORT T1 INTERFACE PORT ADAPTER

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Reliance 45C1A

Schneider Modicon Gregor Die Familie Colm Tóibín Andrew O'Hagan Mint as is

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Schneider Modicon AS-S484-200 USPP ASS484200

Schneider Modicon AS-B872-200

Schneider Modicon AS-B805-016

MODICON FACTORY MATE PLUS 19" INDUSTRIAL DISPLAY 557VCM74110 PARTS/REPAIR

SIEMENS S5 6ES5 432-7LA11 Input Module

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ADVANTECH PCA-6179 Control Card REV.B1

Allen-Bradley 1771-OAD 12v-120v AC Output Module

ABB AMA315S6W BASH SYNCHRONOUS SPEED AC 250HP 4000V 1188RPM 6P 3PH MOTOR B207108

Adept 640 3 MV Robot 1067mm reach w/ Controller 310

6SE7021-3TP60-Z+K80 SIEMENS COMPACT + MASTERDRIVE 13.2AMP 510-620VDC VECTOR CNTR

A&D WEIGHING HA-202M USPP HA202M

SYMAX 8010-SFW-473 NSFP 8010SFW473

CUTLER HAMMER ECN1641AAA NSFP ECN1641AAA

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