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作為火電廠安全經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行主導(dǎo)因素的熱控自動(dòng)化設(shè)備DCS系統(tǒng)，近年來(lái)得到了普遍應(yīng)用，為火電廠機(jī)組安全、穩(wěn)定的運(yùn)行起到了積極的作用。但是，DCS系統(tǒng)的安全性和可靠性還有待提高，在運(yùn)行過程中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)這樣或那樣的故障，這些故障的出現(xiàn)，導(dǎo)致了發(fā)電機(jī)組的非計(jì)劃停運(yùn)，給發(fā)電企業(yè)造成不應(yīng)有的損失。
　　1、DCS系統(tǒng)常見的故障
　　隨著工業(yè)生產(chǎn)自動(dòng)化的不斷興起、過程控制要求的日益復(fù)雜，一種綜合控制系統(tǒng)――DCS系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用而生了。由于目前各火電廠對(duì)DCS系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用水平的限制，系統(tǒng)在運(yùn)行過程中難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)故障。常見的DCS系統(tǒng)故障有：電源系統(tǒng)故障、硬件(模件)故障、系統(tǒng)軟件故障和通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)故障。
　　1.1電源系統(tǒng)故障
　　電源故障是DCS系統(tǒng)的致命故障，一旦電源出現(xiàn)故障，不僅整個(gè)系統(tǒng)會(huì)停止運(yùn)行，而且還會(huì)導(dǎo)致機(jī)組的跳閘，造成非計(jì)劃停運(yùn)。
　　1.1.1電源系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障的主要原因
　　電源方面的問題比較多，一是備用電源不能自投，雖采用UPS和APS雙路互為備用的供電方式，但在轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)瞬間失電，導(dǎo)致機(jī)組跳閘;二是保險(xiǎn)配置不合理及DPU電源內(nèi)部故障等造成電源中斷，導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的停止;三是穩(wěn)壓電源波動(dòng)引起保護(hù)誤動(dòng)及接插頭接觸不良導(dǎo)致穩(wěn)壓電源無(wú)輸出;四是有的系統(tǒng)整個(gè)機(jī)柜通過一路保險(xiǎn)供所有輸入信號(hào)或一路電源外接負(fù)載很大，導(dǎo)致模件的損壞;五是系統(tǒng)電源未采用UPS供電，冗余備用就更無(wú)從談起。
　　1.1.2電源系統(tǒng)故障應(yīng)采取的防范措施
　　要保證DCS系統(tǒng)的安全、穩(wěn)定，首先要具備合理的電源布置，其次要選用高質(zhì)量的電源模塊，并要保證較高的冗余率。再次是注意觀察電源的輸出電壓，防止出現(xiàn)波動(dòng)。第四是對(duì)電源實(shí)行壽命管理，該更換的時(shí)候必須更換，絕對(duì)不允許等到電源出現(xiàn)了故障的時(shí)候才更換。
　　1.2硬件(模件)故障
　　DCS系統(tǒng)的硬件(模件)卡件可分為處理器模件、I/O模件及通訊模件三大部分，這三大模件的功能各自不同，常見的故障部位為過程通道和人機(jī)接口。
　　1.2.1硬件(模件)出現(xiàn)故障的主要原因
　　①過程通道故障也就是I/O卡件故障。引起I/O卡件發(fā)生故障的第一方面的原因是卡件因長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作而出現(xiàn)老化和損壞，這種工作的發(fā)生，一般是隱藏性的，只有參數(shù)出現(xiàn)異常，系統(tǒng)才會(huì)報(bào)警;第二個(gè)方面是連接線松動(dòng)導(dǎo)致部分I/O模件與主機(jī)的通信中斷，在這種情況下，系統(tǒng)會(huì)馬上做出反應(yīng)，出現(xiàn)報(bào)警;第三個(gè)方面是外界強(qiáng)電信號(hào)竄入形成干擾而導(dǎo)致通道故障的發(fā)生。
　?、谥T如球標(biāo)和控制操作出現(xiàn)失靈和實(shí)效以及操作員站出現(xiàn)死機(jī)、鍵盤和打印機(jī)出現(xiàn)工作不正常的現(xiàn)象都屬于人機(jī)接口故障。
　　球標(biāo)操作失靈的原因有裝置因長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作發(fā)生老化或者被浮塵或油膩污染，致使觸點(diǎn)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)自行通斷，也或是電纜插頭接觸不良造成與主機(jī)的通信斷路。
　　控制操作實(shí)效的主要原因是因球標(biāo)的操作信號(hào)不能改變過程通道的狀態(tài)，有三種可能：其一可能是過程通道硬件發(fā)生故障;其二可能是操作員站所用軟件的缺陷;其三是設(shè)備超負(fù)荷或者過多地打開窗口，導(dǎo)致不響應(yīng)。
　　操作員站死機(jī)的原因基本與控制操作失效的原因相同。
　　鍵盤工作不正常的原因有：鍵盤組態(tài)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤、接觸不良、連接電纜松動(dòng)或者在啟動(dòng)主機(jī)時(shí)誤動(dòng)了鍵盤，造成啟動(dòng)缺失。
　　打印機(jī)出現(xiàn)工作不正常的原因：或者是配置不合理，或者是因?qū)Υ蛴C(jī)實(shí)施屏蔽而造成的。

Siemens Digital Output Module 6ES5456-4UA12

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Reliance Electric 57C404B Network Communications Module

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7 MKS 127AA-00001E 1Torr Baratron Pressure Transducer

PERCEPTRON 911-0007 USPP 9110007

ALLEN BRADLEY 1774-LP3 USPP 1774LP3

ALLEN BRADLEY 1336S-B015-AA-EN4 USPP 1336SB015AAEN4

GENERAL ELECTRIC DS3800HAIA1E1D USPP DS3800HAIA1E1D

TELEMECANIQUE LC1-F5004 NSFP LC1F5004

SQUARE D ME36200LS USPP ME36200LS

CUTLER HAMMER CE15NN3T1 NSFP CE15NN3T1

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SIEMENS 32X24VDC Digital Output Module 6ES5 451-7LA11

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Roland VG-99 V-Guitar Multi Effects Processor System with GK-3 Pickup

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SIEMENS 6SL3352-6BE00-0AA0 ping worldwide

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Schneider Automation Output Module TSXDSY08T22

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ALLEN BRADLEY 1336VT-B060-EOS-FA2-L1 USPP 1336VTB060EOSFA1

GENERAL ELECTRIC 7VXAS057CD10 USPP 7VXAS057CD10

FORNEY 32640701 USPP 32640701

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TRICONEX 2660-63 USPP 266063

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Sick WSU26-120

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Schneider Modicon AS-B863-032 24VDC Monitored Input ASB863032

MODICON 140-NOE-771-10 ENET 10/100 BASE T 100FX FACTORY CAST INTERFACE MODULE

SIEMENS 6ES7-331-7KF02-0AB0 INPUT MODULE SM331 6ES73317KF020AB0

SCHNEIDER MODICON 140CPU43412A 140 CPU 434 12A TSX Quantum

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ADEPT TECH 90402-40013 USPP 9040240013

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INDRAMAT MAC112B-0-LD4-C/130-A-0/W1520LV/S005 NSPP MAC112B0LD4C130A

TOSHIBA VT130G7U-4400B NSFP VT130G7U4400B

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DAYKIN APFS-15-A156 NSFP APFS15A156

RELIANCE ELECTRIC 45C-271 NSPP 45C271

NACHI MFM552H1V USPP MFM552H1V

METRA INSTRUMENTS 610-0001-003 USPP 6100001003

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90 - Configurations Vary Please See Auction

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Omron C28K-CDT1-A

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ADb PROX-H471

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ABB 2668 180-524/1 DSMB133 MEMORY MODULE BOARD CARD 62645

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800 main amp panelboard panel 480v 277v 700 600 breaker volt hcm square d 65 spa

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ALLEN BRADLEY 8520-3S5A-BAT-EX4-Y-1-4 USPP 85203S5ABATEX4Y1

ALLEN BRADLEY 6180-ADDDEDAZCZZ USPP 6180ADDDEDAZCZZ

JOHNSON CONTROLS NU-XRL101-0 USPP NUXRL1010

GENERAL ELECTRIC DS3800NGRA1L1E USPP DS3800NGRA1L1E

YASKAWA ELECTRIC DDSCR-GL60S3 USPP DDSCRGL60S3

MODICON AS-P933-000 NSFP ASP933000

Siemens 6ES5-312-3AB12 NSPP 6ES53123AB12

SIEMENS 6ES5 431-2BA11 6ES54312BA11

SIEMENS S5 6ES5 464-8MD11 6ES5464-8MD11 Analog Input 4x 20mA

Siemens EPROM 6ES5375-0LA21 6ES5 375-0LA21

SIEMENS 6ES7 222-1HF32-0XA0 6ES7222-1HF32-0XA0 FreeShip

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RADISYS EXM18-RS422 USPP EXM18RS422

GE FANUC PRINTER INTERFACE MODULE MODEL IC610PER151D

TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 500-5039 TIWAY NETWORK INTERFACE MODULE 5005039

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Siemens EM231 6ES7 231-7PD21-0XA0 6ES7231-7PD21-0XA0

Modicon PA-0254-000

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Schneider Modicon AS-BDAU-202 /Schneider FACORY SEALED Analog Out ASBDAU202

Schneider Modicon AS-C484-063 USPP ASC484063

Schneider Modicon AS-J146-000 MODULE

Schneider Modicon A/D CONVERT MODULE AS-B243-105

Schneider Modicon INPUT MODULE PLC B573-010 B573 010 AS-B573-010 REBUILT

Schneider Telemecanique TSXP57452

Schneider 16-Point Input Module TSX-DET-1612 TSXDET1612 WARRANTY

PVDM3-256 CISCO 256-CHANNEL HIGH-DENSITY VOICE AND VIDEO DSP MODULE

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SIEMENS MOORE PRODUCTS 15854-62 BCG LIG BOARD ASSEMBLY NNB

ALLEN-BRADLEY POWERFLEX 70

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ABB SAMC II POW 57171847, , 57171847,

A06B-0148-B184#7000 FANUC SERVO MOTORS REMANUFACTURED

700 HP FUJI FR700F1S-4U Variable Frequency Inverter 380-480 V 840 Amps

PERCEPTRON 912-0013 USPP 9120013

ALLEN BRADLEY 1775-S5 NSPP 1775S5

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GENERAL ELECTRIC DS3800HSQD1E1B USPP DS3800HSQD1E1B

TEXAS INSTRUMENTS PLC 505-ATM-0440 NSPP 505ATM0440

STI 70084-1095 NSFP 700841095

DIAMOND ELECTRONICS 514557-1047 USPP 5145571047

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SIEMENS 6ES5 102-8MA01 6ES51028MA01

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