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作為火電廠安全經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行主導(dǎo)因素的熱控自動(dòng)化設(shè)備DCS系統(tǒng)，近年來(lái)得到了普遍應(yīng)用，為火電廠機(jī)組安全、穩(wěn)定的運(yùn)行起到了積極的作用。但是，DCS系統(tǒng)的安全性和可靠性還有待提高，在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)這樣或那樣的故障，這些故障的出現(xiàn)，導(dǎo)致了發(fā)電機(jī)組的非計(jì)劃停運(yùn)，給發(fā)電企業(yè)造成不應(yīng)有的損失。
　　1、DCS系統(tǒng)常見(jiàn)的故障
　　隨著工業(yè)生產(chǎn)自動(dòng)化的不斷興起、過(guò)程控制要求的日益復(fù)雜，一種綜合控制系統(tǒng)――DCS系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用而生了。由于目前各火電廠對(duì)DCS系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用水平的限制，系統(tǒng)在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)故障。常見(jiàn)的DCS系統(tǒng)故障有：電源系統(tǒng)故障、硬件(模件)故障、系統(tǒng)軟件故障和通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)故障。
　　1.1電源系統(tǒng)故障
　　電源故障是DCS系統(tǒng)的致命故障，一旦電源出現(xiàn)故障，不僅整個(gè)系統(tǒng)會(huì)停止運(yùn)行，而且還會(huì)導(dǎo)致機(jī)組的跳閘，造成非計(jì)劃停運(yùn)。
　　1.1.1電源系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障的主要原因
　　電源方面的問(wèn)題比較多，一是備用電源不能自投，雖采用UPS和APS雙路互為備用的供電方式，但在轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)瞬間失電，導(dǎo)致機(jī)組跳閘;二是保險(xiǎn)配置不合理及DPU電源內(nèi)部故障等造成電源中斷，導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的停止;三是穩(wěn)壓電源波動(dòng)引起保護(hù)誤動(dòng)及接插頭接觸不良導(dǎo)致穩(wěn)壓電源無(wú)輸出;四是有的系統(tǒng)整個(gè)機(jī)柜通過(guò)一路保險(xiǎn)供所有輸入信號(hào)或一路電源外接負(fù)載很大，導(dǎo)致模件的損壞;五是系統(tǒng)電源未采用UPS供電，冗余備用就更無(wú)從談起。
　　1.1.2電源系統(tǒng)故障應(yīng)采取的防范措施
　　要保證DCS系統(tǒng)的安全、穩(wěn)定，首先要具備合理的電源布置，其次要選用高質(zhì)量的電源模塊，并要保證較高的冗余率。再次是注意觀察電源的輸出電壓，防止出現(xiàn)波動(dòng)。第四是對(duì)電源實(shí)行壽命管理，該更換的時(shí)候必須更換，絕對(duì)不允許等到電源出現(xiàn)了故障的時(shí)候才更換。
　　1.2硬件(模件)故障
　　DCS系統(tǒng)的硬件(模件)卡件可分為處理器模件、I/O模件及通訊模件三大部分，這三大模件的功能各自不同，常見(jiàn)的故障部位為過(guò)程通道和人機(jī)接口。
　　1.2.1硬件(模件)出現(xiàn)故障的主要原因
　　①過(guò)程通道故障也就是I/O卡件故障。引起I/O卡件發(fā)生故障的第一方面的原因是卡件因長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作而出現(xiàn)老化和損壞，這種工作的發(fā)生，一般是隱藏性的，只有參數(shù)出現(xiàn)異常，系統(tǒng)才會(huì)報(bào)警;第二個(gè)方面是連接線松動(dòng)導(dǎo)致部分I/O模件與主機(jī)的通信中斷，在這種情況下，系統(tǒng)會(huì)馬上做出反應(yīng)，出現(xiàn)報(bào)警;第三個(gè)方面是外界強(qiáng)電信號(hào)竄入形成干擾而導(dǎo)致通道故障的發(fā)生。
　?、谥T如球標(biāo)和控制操作出現(xiàn)失靈和實(shí)效以及操作員站出現(xiàn)死機(jī)、鍵盤(pán)和打印機(jī)出現(xiàn)工作不正常的現(xiàn)象都屬于人機(jī)接口故障。
　　球標(biāo)操作失靈的原因有裝置因長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作發(fā)生老化或者被浮塵或油膩污染，致使觸點(diǎn)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)自行通斷，也或是電纜插頭接觸不良造成與主機(jī)的通信斷路。
　　控制操作實(shí)效的主要原因是因球標(biāo)的操作信號(hào)不能改變過(guò)程通道的狀態(tài)，有三種可能：其一可能是過(guò)程通道硬件發(fā)生故障;其二可能是操作員站所用軟件的缺陷;其三是設(shè)備超負(fù)荷或者過(guò)多地打開(kāi)窗口，導(dǎo)致不響應(yīng)。
　　操作員站死機(jī)的原因基本與控制操作失效的原因相同。
　　鍵盤(pán)工作不正常的原因有：鍵盤(pán)組態(tài)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤、接觸不良、連接電纜松動(dòng)或者在啟動(dòng)主機(jī)時(shí)誤動(dòng)了鍵盤(pán)，造成啟動(dòng)缺失。
　　打印機(jī)出現(xiàn)工作不正常的原因：或者是配置不合理，或者是因?qū)Υ蛴C(jī)實(shí)施屏蔽而造成的。

MODICON ANALOG OUTPUT MODULE AS-B872-011

SIEMENS SIMATIC SM321 6ES7 321-1BH02-0AA0 DIGITAL INPUT MODULE + 2 CONNECTORS

SEALED SIEMENS 6ES7 321-1BL00-0AA0 INPUT MODULE 6ES73211BL000AA0

PWR-ME3750-DC CONFIGURABLE ME-C3750 DC POWER SUPPLY

Siemens 6AV3627-1QL01-0AX0 6AV3 627-1QL01-0AX0 SIMATIC TP27-10 Touch Panel

TELLABS 5323B PORT SERIAL MODULE 825310 Communications

Chipcom 12-00501-0 Communications Module

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SIEMENS SINUMERIK 6FC5203-0AF10-2AA0 6FC52030AF102AA0 NIB

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AllenBradley2711-B6C10/C2711B6C10

Allen Bradley Terminal Keyboard 1770FD Alpha Numeric Overlay 1770-KAA 610715-01

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ADVANTAGE ELECTRONICS 8410-BRP USPP 8410BRP

(Q7-6) 1 INDRAMAT MAC90C-2-KD-1-B/110-A-0/J625/S01 SERVO MOTOR Q7-6

MICROSWITCH LSH6A NSFP LSH6A

ALLEN BRADLEY 1336S-B075-AA-EN4 USPP 1336SB075AAEN4

GENERAL ELECTRIC 3N2100FA104C1 USPP 3N2100FA104C1

FANUC A20B-1003-0180 USPP A20B10030180

SIEMENS 6ES5-526-3LF11 NSPP 6ES55263LF11

RELIANCE ELECTRIC HR2000/BLA-16 USPP HR2000BLA16

TECH MOTIVE TOOL 49-4100-02C4 USPP 49410002C4

Siemens 6ES5 482-7LF31 DIGITAL I/O MODULE

Siemens 6ES5-955-3LF11 USPP 6ES59553LF11

SIEMENS 6ES5-451-4UA12 USPP 6ES54514UA12

Siemens 6ES5 310-5AA12 6ES5 310 5AA12 MODULE BOXED

Siemens S5 DIGITAL INPUT 6ES5 431-8MA11 8x24Vdc

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Siemens 6ES5 441-7LA11 -FS- 6ES54417LA11

Square D 8030 CRM-511

scca EFI-Tuners OBD-II CAN

Woodhead SST-PFB-CLX PROFIBUS Scanner for Allen-Bradley

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Schrack RU 110 060

Schneider Modicon ASHDTA200 5 Slot Primary Subrack AS-HDTA-200 Electric

Schneider Modicon AS-B559-001 USPP ASB559001

Schneider Modicon AS-W951-012 NSFP ASW951012

Schneider Modicon AS-C916-000 CPU Module Rev A12 (UGC)

Schneider Modicon AS-B836-016 12-250 VDC 16PT Output Module

Modicon 557VKB20310 PN:92-01041 FactoryMate Keyboard Plus

SIEMENS Analog Input Module 6ES5-465-4UA11

SCHNEIDER TSXAEZ414 TSX MICRO PLC I/O MODULE 4ANALOG

Siemens Module Relay Output 505-4932-A

SIEMENS SINUMERIK 6FR2490-0AH12 Kuka ACR-GRT-PHG 6FR24900AH12 NIB

SIEMENS WELLS FARGO 5343-1 APT-2 MUX AD-T MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATIONS MODULE

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ALLEY BRADLEY 1745-PCC SLC PERSONAL COMPUTER INTERFACE CONVERTOR W/ CABLE SER A

ALLEN-BRADLEY 1400E 2711E-K14C6 SER A REV B PANELVIEW TERMINAL

ABB BOARD DSQC 317

ADEPT TECH 30332-12350 USPP 3033212350

(3132) 2 FANUC A03B-0405-B001 & A16B-1500-0021 Servo CPU Card - SEE PICS

INDRAMAT KDV1.3-100-220/300-220 USPP KDV1310022030022

TEXAS INSTRUMENTS PLC 575-2103 USPP 5752103

FANUC A06B-0581-B031 USPP A06B0581B031

CUTLER HAMMER MKNE19374-1 NSFP MKNE193741

RELIANCE ELECTRIC 140CM21A USPP 140CM21A

MOORE PRODUCTS 39VIMCCN USPP 39VIMCCN

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MEI Motion Engineering PC/DSP SCALE Interface Module

Xsigo VPE-MOD-10GE-1P Wired 10 Gigabit Ethernet Expansion Module for VP780 I/O

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Siemens PC670 6AV7614-0AB22-0CG0

Reliance 0-51851-4

Schneider Modicon AS-B258-101 O TO 10V ANALOG MUX MERCURY RELAY

Schneider Modicon AS-B100-000 NSFP ASB100000

Schneider Modicon AS-P453-652 USPP ASP453652

Schneider Modicon AS-B804-016

Schneider Modicon AS-B236-501 OUTPUT MODULE GOOD TAKEOUT

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ACS400 Series ABB Inverter CPU Board SNAT4041C

ALLEN-BRADLEY 1794-OB16P FLEX I/O OUTPUT MODULE QTY

ABB ACH550-UH-072A-4 VARIABLE FREQUENCY AC 50HP 480V-AC 72A MOTOR DRIVE B225436

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8890384 02 CO2 GAS ANALYZER JCT SAMPLE GAS DRYER JCM-E

SIEMENS 6SN1145-1BA00-0DA0 USPP 6SN11451BA000DA0

BAUMULLER BUM62F-75/975-54-M-041 USPP BUM62F7597554M04

AVTRON A19359-1 NSPP A193591

MODICON AS-J212-001 USPP ASJ212001

ITE SIEMENS HNFC365J NSFP HNFC365J

CET MPC4 USPP MPC4

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SIEMENS SIMATIC CONNECTOR 6ES7392-1AM00-0AA0 NIB

Siemens 505-7202

HP 81534A Return Loss Module with 81000FI Interface

Works on 2000 different vehicles No key required

SIEMENS 6ES5 393-0UA15 OP393-III

Siemens LOGO! PLC 12/24RCo 6ED1 052-2MD00-0BA3 FreeShip

Omron C200H-LK201

Schneider Modicon AS-H819-107 PLC

Schneider Modicon Discrete Input Relay AS-BDAP-216

Schneider Modicon AS-J342-000 USPP ASJ342000

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Schneider Modicon AS-P371-002

Schneider Modicon TSX COMPACT M AS-BDEP-210 Sealed ~NIB SUR.~

SMC Input Module EX250-IE2

Schneider Telemecanique XBT Z925 Communicating Cable NIB

SIEMENS TI 505-4716 DC OUTPUT MODULE

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SIEMENS Sinumerik 6FX1123-0AA01 Vidio Interface Card.

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ACCELEROGRAPH SEISMOGRAPH GEOSIG MODEL GSR-16 DC , 3 CHANNEL STRAND EARTHQUAKE

A06B-6059-H212 SPINDLE DRIVE AC SPINDLE AMP AC SP-12S FANUC

80 HP DC MOTOR 480 VOLT DC

SICK OPTIC ELECTRONIC DME2000-000S01 USPP DME2000000S01

ALLEN BRADLEY 803-PL3 NSFP 803PL3

ALLEN BRADLEY 503347 NSPP 503347

IRCON R35C15001430/640 USPP R35C15001430640

GENERAL ELECTRIC DS3800HSCG1D1E USPP DS3800HSCG1D1E

YASKAWA ELECTRIC CACR-IR-44SFBY8 USPP CACRIR44SFBY8

MITSUBISHI A2A-SCPU NSFP A2ASCPU

Siemens 6ES5-306-7LA11 NSFP 6ES53067LA11

SIEMENS 6ES5 430-4UA13 -FS- 6ES54304UA13

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Siemens Digital Input Module 6ES5-431-8MA11 17032

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Texas Instruments 5TI-3101

Tellabs 5318C CEPT interface module CAS

TSXDSY32T2K Modicon Premium Output TSX-DSY-32T2K

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Schneider Modicon Compact Motion Encoder AS-BM0T-202 Rev J_ASBM0T202_AS-BMOT-202

Schneider Modicon ASBADU214 GUARANTEED Compact Analog Input AS-BADU-214

Schneider Modicon AS-BUKA-024 USPP ASBUKA024

Schneider Modicon ASH819100 800 Series Rack AS-H819-100

Schneider Modicon AS-BNUL-200 ASBNUL200 Slot Filler NIB

Schneider Modicon I/O Processor AS-S908-110 AS-9385-001 WARRANTY

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Schneider Automation Inc 140 DAI 543 00 140DAI54300 Input Module Sealed

PWR-3825-AC CISCO3825 AC POWER SUPPLY

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512-EACD-3-4G Allen Bradley Size 4 Combination Starter

ABB SACE S3S20 600V 2000A PR111/P L/I INSULATED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER

A06B-0148-B175#7075 FANUC SERVO MOTORS REMANUFACTURED

7 MKS 127AA-00001E 1Torr Baratron Pressure Transducer

PERCEPTRON 911-0007 USPP 9110007

ALLEN BRADLEY 1774-LP3 USPP 1774LP3

ALLEN BRADLEY 1336S-B015-AA-EN4 USPP 1336SB015AAEN4

GENERAL ELECTRIC DS3800HAIA1E1D USPP DS3800HAIA1E1D

TELEMECANIQUE LC1-F5004 NSFP LC1F5004

SQUARE D ME36200LS USPP ME36200LS

CUTLER HAMMER CE15NN3T1 NSFP CE15NN3T1

Siemens 6ES5 951-7ND12 6ES59517ND12

SIEMENS 32X24VDC Digital Output Module 6ES5 451-7LA11

SIEMENS 6ES5-752-0AA53 NSFP 6ES57520AA53

Siemens 6ES5 498-1AA71 NSFP 6ES54981AA71

SIEMENS 6AV6644-0AA01-2AX0 MP377 12" Touchscreen Glass

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Roland VG-99 V-Guitar Multi Effects Processor System with GK-3 Pickup

Telemecanique TSXASR401E

SIEMENS SIMATIC IM151-1 BASIC INTERFACE MODULE BNIBOVP

Wago 750-473 2-CHANNEL ANALOG INPUT MODULE

SIEMENS 6SN1118-0DM31-0AA2 in Sealed box

Modicon AS-P830-000

Schneider Modicon DISCRETE INPUT MODULE DEP 218/AS-BDEP-218 DEP218/AS-BDEP-218

Schneider Modicon ASB231 ASB231001 Input Module AS-B231-001

Schneider Modicon AS-B875-012 ANALOG INPUT

Schneider Modicon AS-B875-102 I/O Analog High Speed 8CH

Schneider Modicon GOULD C921 COMMUNICATION PROCESSOR AS-C921-101

Schneider Modicon AS-M380-006 Memory Module

SCHNEIDER AUTOMATION OUTPUT MODULE DAP 216N/AS-BDAP-216N DAP216NASBDAP216N

Siemens 505-4332 Input Module 14-30VDC

RELIANCE ELECTRIC B/M-60031-4 USPP BM600314

Siemens 6SN1118-0AE11-0AA0 6SN11180AE11OAAO 462008.1003.01 6SN11180AE110AA0

SIEMENS SINUMERIK OP010 6FC5 203-0AF00-0AA0 MembraKeypad

Prosoft MVI56 Communications Module

SIEMENS POWER SUPPLY 6SN1111-0AA01-2EA0

SIEMENS SIMODRIVE 6SN1145-1BA01-0BA1SINUMETIK 840D 6FC5247-0AA00-0AA26SN1123

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ALLENBRADLEY2705-P22C2PUSHBUTTONSTATION2705P22C2

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ALLEN BRADLEY 1336VT-B060-EOS-FA2-L1 USPP 1336VTB060EOSFA1

GENERAL ELECTRIC 7VXAS057CD10 USPP 7VXAS057CD10

FORNEY 32640701 USPP 32640701

SIEMENS 6ES5-928-3UA12 NSPP 6ES59283UA12

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Siemens 6ES5 375-0LA21 MEMORY SUBMODULE 6ES53750LA21

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