瑭崇窗(x矛)鍙冩暩(sh霉) | |||
---|---|---|---|
鍝佺墝 | 绮惧尃妯″瀷 | 璨ㄨ櫉(h脿o) | 001 |
椤�(l猫i)鍨� | 寤虹瓚妯″瀷 | 鏉愯唱(zh矛) | ABS |
鍖呰鏂瑰紡 | 鏈ㄧ | 鍔犲伐瀹氬埗 | 鏄� |
鍔犲伐鏂瑰紡 | 渚�(l谩i)鍦栧畾鍒� | 鏄惁澶栬部(m脿o) | 鏄� |
鐢�(ch菐n)鍦� | 姹熻槆鍗楅€� | 澶栧舰灏哄 | 鏀寔瀹氬埗 |
閲嶉噺 | 瀹氬埗 |
“闈㈠皪(du矛)钁楁矙鐩�(p谩n),鍒板簳鐪嬪暐鍚嶅爞?”姣旇捣瑷卞缍�(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)璞愬瘜鐨勬キ(y猫)涓�, 缃キ(y猫)鐨�“鍓涢渶鍊�”閭勭湡鏈変笉灏戜汉鎸侀€欐ǎ鐨勭枒鍟�(w猫n)銆傜┒绔熸€庢ǎ姝g⒑鐪嬫矙鐩�(p谩n)鍛紵娌欑洡(p谩n)涓婃槸鍚︽敞鏄�“妯″瀷”鎴�“鏁堟灉鍦�”瀛楁ǎ鍙婃ā鍨嬫瘮渚嬫寜琛屾斂绠$悊鐨勮姹�锛岄枊(k膩i)鐧�(f膩)鍟嗕娇鐢ㄦā鍨嬫檪(sh铆)锛屾敞鏄�“妯″瀷”鎴�“鏁堟灉鍦�”绛夊瓧妯�锛岄€欐瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑娼涜嚭(t谩i)瑭炴槸锛氭矙鐩�(p谩n)妯″瀷鍍呬緵鍙冭€�?锛熺摲娼甈(p谩n)鐨勬瘮渚嬪昂瀵革紝闄や簡纰哄畾娌欑洡(p谩n)鏄惁鏍规摎(j霉)瀵�(sh铆)闅涜(gu墨)鍔冩瘮渚嬪埗浣�锛岄倓鍙互鎸夋瘮渚嬪昂瀵哥畻鍑哄(sh铆)闅涘昂瀵�銆�鍙ぇ姒傝▓(j矛)绠楀嚭妯撻枔璺濈瓑銆傚皬鍗€(q奴)鏁撮珨瑕�(gu墨)鍔冩矙鐩�(p谩n)鏄皬鍗€(q奴)鐨勭府褰�锛屽湪娌欑洡(p谩n)涓�锛屽皬鍗€(q奴)瀵嗗害鏄惁閬�(gu貌)澶с€佸缓绛戣垏鏅鐨勬惌閰嶆槸鍚﹀崝(xi茅)瑾�(di脿o)銆佸収(n猫i)浜ら€氱殑鍒嗗竷鏄惁鍚堢悊銆佸叕鍏辫ō(sh猫)鏂界殑鍒嗗竷鏄惁浜烘€у寲銆佸皬鍗€(q奴)鑸囧懆閭婄挵(hu谩n)澧冪殑闂�(gu膩n)绯荤瓑閮戒竴鐩簡鐒讹紝鑰岄€欎簺灏�(du矛)浠ュ悗鐨勫眳浣忚唱(zh矛)閲忓奖闊垮緢澶�锛屼篃鏄箣闁撴瘮杓冩噳(y墨ng)鑰冩叜鐨勯棞(gu膩n)閸靛洜绱�銆�
鍏�(n猫i)浜ら€氬皬鍗€(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)鐨勪氦閫氬垎鐐轰汉杌�(ch膿)鍒嗘祦鍜屼汉杌�(ch膿)娣疯鍏╅(l猫i)锛屽収(n猫i)浜ら€氱殑鍚堢悊鎬у皪(du矛)浜庡眳浣忕殑鍜岀挵(hu谩n)澧冪殑闈滆瑦鎬ф槸姣旇純闂�(gu膩n)閸电殑锛岄€欎篃鏄湪涓鏄撳拷鐣ョ殑鍟�(w猫n)椤屻€傝€呰瑭㈠晱(w猫n)涓€涓嬪皬鍗€(q奴)鍦ㄥ収(n猫i)浜ら€氫笂鏈変粈涔堟帾鏂�锛屽浣曡(gu墨)鍔冨皬鍗€(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)鐨勮粖(ch膿)琛岀瓑銆傛〒闁撹窛鏈夎(di脿o)鏌ユ暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)椤ず锛�23%鐨勪汉瑾�(r猫n)鐐烘〒闁撹窛绐勬渻(hu矛)褰遍熆瑕栭噹锛�37%鐨勪汉瑾�(r猫n)鐐烘渻(hu矛)褰遍熆閲囧厜鍜岄€氶ⅷ(f膿ng)锛�33%鐨勪汉瑾�(r猫n)鐐哄奖闊跨瀵嗘€�锛�
7%鐨勪汉瑾�(r猫n)鐐洪倓鏈夊叾浠栧奖闊�銆�90%鐨勬矙鐩�(p谩n)鏄斁澶ф〒楂旈枔璺濈殑銆備粙绱�锛屽じ澶ф〒闁撹窛鏄枊(k膩i)鐧�(f膩)鍟嗙殑涓€绋績閵�(xi膩o)鎵嬫銆備竴鑸儏娉佷笅锛屼汉鍦�15绫充互鍏�(n猫i)灏卞彲浠ユ竻鏅板湴杈ㄥ垾灏�(du矛)鏂广€傚洜姝�锛屼綆灞や綇瀹呮〒闁撹窛鎳�(y墨ng)澶т簬15绫�锛岃€岄偅浜涢珮灞や綇瀹呮〒闁撹窛鎳�(y墨ng)鐣�(d膩ng)澶т簬24绫�銆傜煡閬撲簡娌欑洡(p谩n)妯″瀷姣斾緥锛岃臣(g貌u)鎴胯€呭彲浠ヨΚ鑷脯(c猫)閲忔牴鎿�(j霉)娌欑洡(p谩n)瑷�(j矛)绠楀嚭渚�(l谩i)鐨勬〒闁撹窛鑸囧(sh铆)闅涙〒闁撹窛涔嬮枔鏄惁瀛樺湪鍋忓樊;鎴栬€呮脯(c猫)閲忓墠鍚庢〒妫熺殑楂樺害鑸囬枔璺�锛屽叐鑰呯殑姣斾緥鎺у埗鍦�1锛�1姣旇純鍚堥仼銆傚鏋滃彲浠ラ€�(j矛n)鍏ユ柦宸ョ従(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)锛� 鑳借Κ鑷珯鍦ㄥ叐鍊�(g猫)妯撴涔嬮枔鎰熷彈涓€涓�銆傚叕鍏辫ō(sh猫)鏂界偤浜嗙編瑙€锛屾矙鐩�(p谩n)涓父鏈�(hu矛)鎶婂皬鍗€(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)鐨勮畩闆荤珯銆佸瀮鍦剧銆佸寲绯炴睜銆佹按娉垫埧銆佺噧?x矛)澶�?銆佸湴涓�?ch膿)搴�(k霉)鍑哄叆鍙g瓑闅辫棌銆佹ā绯婃垨鍋忕Щ锛屾瘮濡傜敤缍犲湴鍙栬€屼唬涔�銆�
鐪嬫矙鐩�(p谩n)鏅�(sh铆)锛屼竴瀹氳鍟�(w猫n)娓呮閫欎簺鍏叡瑷�(sh猫)鏂�銆侀珮搴﹀強鑸囨〒妫熶箣闁撶殑璺濋洟锛屽挨鍏舵槸鎵撶畻鑰冩叜浣庡堡浣忓畢鐨勮臣(g貌u)鎴胯€�锛屽洜?y脿n)姒摲娼甈(p谩n)妯″瀷鏄刊瑕�锛岃€屽(sh铆)闅涘皣鏈�(hu矛)骞宠閫欎簺鍏叡瑷�(sh猫)鏂�锛屾渻(hu矛)鍑虹従(xi脿n)鍥犻亷(gu貌)楂樻垨閬�(gu貌)杩戝奖闊跨獥鍓嶆櫙瑙€鐨勬儏娉併€傜稜鍦版湁澶х墖缍犲湴榛�(di菐n)缍存槸娌欑洡(p谩n)璩炲績鎮呯洰鐨勫師鍥犱箣涓€銆傜偤浜嗗惛寮曠溂鐞�锛岄枊(k膩i)鐧�(f膩)鍟嗘渻(hu矛)鍦ㄦ矙鐩�(p谩n)涓婂仛鍑虹稜鍖栫巼鐨勫亣璞°€傝臣(g貌u)鎴胯€呬竴瀹氳鍟�(w猫n)娓呮娌欑洡(p谩n)涓婄殑缍犲寲寤鸿ō(sh猫)鑸囧(sh铆)闅涙槸鍚︿竴鑷�锛屾湁灏囧叿楂旂殑缍犲寲闈㈢⿳銆佸垎甯冪瓑瀵�(xi臎)鍏ュ悎鍚�銆�
鎴戝€戠殑鐩(bi膩o)鏄畵妯″瀷鍒朵綔鑰呮湁鏇村鏅�(sh铆)闁撲簬瀹氱京瀹氬埗妯″瀷鐨勮棟琛�(sh霉)鍜屾妧琛�(sh霉)绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)锛屽缓绔嬫豢瓒虫偍鐗瑰畾闇€姹傜殑楂樿唱(zh矛)閲忓畾鍒舵ā鍨嬫槸鎴戝€戞ā鍨嬪埗閫犺€呭湗(tu谩n)闅�(du矛)鐨勭洰妯�(bi膩o)锛屽儏鐣�(d膩ng)鎴戝€戠煡閬撴偍鐨勯爡(xi脿ng)鐩凡鎸夋檪(sh铆)瀹屾垚锛屽畨鍏ㄤ氦浠樼郸鎮ㄥ苟涓旈仈(d谩)鍒版垨瓒呴亷(gu貌)鎮ㄧ殑鏈熸湜鏅�(sh铆)锛�
鎴戝€戝皪(du矛)鎴戝€戠殑宸ヤ綔鎰熷埌婊挎剰锛屼簩銆佸伐妤�(y猫)妯″瀷锛屽伐妤�(y猫)妯″瀷鏄竴绋互姣忓€�(g猫)浜洪兘鑳界悊瑙g殑鏂瑰紡灞曠ず鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺壒寰佺殑閵�(xi膩o)鍞柟寮�锛屽伐妤�(y猫)妯″瀷鍙互鏄竴鍊�(g猫)鎴栬€呴€氶亷(gu貌)浣跨敤鍓栭潰瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆佸伐浣滈儴浠舵垨鐕堝厜鍜岃伈闊充締(l谩i)寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺殑鐗瑰畾鏂归潰锛屽鏋滀綘鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鍝佸緢灏�銆傛垜鍊戝彲浠ユ斁澶у畠鐨勫昂瀵镐締(l谩i)椤ず寰�(f霉)闆滅殑閮ㄥ垎銆傚惁鍓囪倝鐪间笉鏈�(hu矛)娉ㄦ剰鍒�锛屽鏋滀綘鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鍝佸張澶у張绗ㄩ噸锛屼竴鍊�(g猫)绺皬鐨勫伐妤�(y猫)妯″瀷灏囦互涓€绋洿瀹规槗铏曠悊銆侀亱(y霉n)杓�?sh霉)鐢烽棶绲�?l谩i)浠h〃浣犵殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆�
涔熷彲浠ヨ嚜琛岄€�(j矛n)琛屾(g貌u)寤�銆傜暥(d膩ng)鎴戝€戠嵅寰椾竴鍊�(g猫)闋�(xi脿ng)鐩殑鐛�(ji菐ng)闋�(xi脿ng)鏅�(sh铆)锛屾ā鍨嬪埗閫犲晢鍦ㄧ辜绾�(x霉)閫�(j矛n)琛屼箣鍓嶅氨閫�(j矛n)琛屼簡闋叇棰�(f膿ng)鏆�锛屾垜鍊戠⒑瀹氬皣浣跨敤鍝ó鏉愭枡锛屽埗閫犳妧琛�(sh霉)浠ュ強鐗规畩鏁堟灉锛堜緥濡傞浕瀛愬嫊(d貌ng)鐣�(hu脿)锛夊浣曢仼鎳�(y墨ng)娴佺▼銆傜洿鑷冲畨瑁濊姹�锛屽睍绀烘煖鍜岄亱(y霉n)杓稿鍣�锛屾垜鍊戠啛绶寸殑cad甯湗(tu谩n)闅�(du矛)鏈�(hu矛)铏曠悊鎮ㄦ彁渚涚郸鎴戝€戠殑鎵€鏈夋枃浠�锛屽尟绶ㄤ俊鎭�锛屽苟绯炬鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)涓殑浠讳綍宸暟鎴栫┖鐧斤紝
濡傛灉鎮ㄦ矑(m茅i)鏈夎ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨�3d鍦栧儚锛屾垜鍊戠殑宸ヤ綔浜哄摗鏈�(hu矛)鍦ㄩ渶瑕佹檪(sh铆)鍓�(chu脿ng)寤哄畠鍊�銆傝檿鐞嗘偍鐨勭収鐗�锛岃崏鍦栨垨瑕佸缓妯$殑瀵�(sh铆)闅涘皪(du矛)璞★紝鎴戝€戠殑杌�(ch膿)闁撻厤鍌欎簡鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛屽彲浠ヤ娇鏌愪簺鍒堕€犻亷(gu貌)绋�锛屾洿婧�(zh菙n)纰�銆傛垜鍊戠殑妯″瀷鍒堕€犲晢浣跨敤閫欎簺閬�(gu貌)绋嬶紙渚嬪蹇€熷師鍨嬪埗浣滐級渚�(l谩i)瑁�(b菙)鍏呰€屼笉鏄浛浠e嫊(d貌ng)鎵嬫妧鑳�銆�
鍓�(chu脿ng)寤哄畾鍒舵ā鍨嬫槸鎴戝€戠殑宸ヤ綔锛屽緸鏀跺埌鎮ㄧ殑鍒濇瑭㈠晱(w猫n)闁�(k膩i)濮嬶紝鎴戝€戠殑妯″瀷鍒堕€犲晢灏辨渻(hu矛)鑺辨檪(sh铆)闁撳潗涓嬩締(l谩i)浜掔浉瑷庤珫鎮ㄧ殑鎯虫硶锛屽湪鎴戝€戦€�(j矛n)鍏ュ(sh铆)闅涘牨(b脿o)鍍�(ji脿)娴佺▼涔嬪墠銆傚皪(du矛)鎮ㄧ殑闋�(xi脿ng)鐩厖婊胯垐濂拰鏈熷緟锛屽湪鎴戝€戜簡瑙d簡鎮ㄧ殑闋�(xi脿ng)鐩渶姹備箣鍚庯細鎮ㄧ殑灞曠ず灏囨湇鍕�(w霉)鐨勭洰鐨勩€傛偍鐨勭附楂旈爯(y霉)绠楀拰鎴鏃ユ湡浠ュ強鎮ㄥ湪妯″瀷涓皨鎵剧殑瑭崇窗(x矛)绋嬪害锛屾垜鍊戝皣钁楁墜鍓�(chu脿ng)寤烘秹鍙婃垜鍊戜箣闁撶殑瑷庤珫鐨勮嚜瀹氱京鍫�(b脿o)鍍�(ji脿)銆傞姺(xi膩o)鍞汉鍝″拰鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍦�(tu谩n)闅�(du矛)銆傚伐妤�(y猫)妯″瀷鍒朵綔锛�
瑭叉ā鍨嬪埗浣滃湗(tu谩n)闅�(du矛)鏄敱宸ユキ(y猫)钘濊(sh霉)瀹跺拰宸ュ尃绲勬垚銆傛湁浜嗛€欎簺鑳屾櫙鐭ヨ瓨(sh铆)锛屾垜鍊�?y艒u)妲熼樊?sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鐩(bi膩o)鎻愪緵浜嗗绋伕鎿�锛屽鏋滄偍涓嶇⒑瀹�锛屾垜鍊戠敋鑷冲彲浠ュ公鍔╁畾缇╂偍鎯宠鐨勬澅瑗裤€傞€氶亷(gu貌)鎻忚堪鎮ㄧ殑鎰挎櫙-鎮ㄦ鍦ㄥ皨鎵剧殑鏈熸湜褰遍熆-鎴戝€戠殑妯″瀷鍒朵綔鑰呭彲浠ョ偤鎮ㄧ殑闋�(xi脿ng)鐩彁渚涜ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鎰忚(ji脿n)銆�
–灏�(du矛)浜庡櫞娉夈€備綘鍙互鐢ㄥ悓妯g殑鏉愭枡鎶婂畠鍋氭垚涓€浠跺鍏�锛屾琚寘鎷ü(sh霉)鐏屾湪鍜岃崏銆備綘鍙互:銆傝臣(g貌u)璨�(m菐i)鐝�(xi脿n)鎴愮殑灏忚崏澧娿€佹ü(sh霉)鏈ㄥ拰姣涚皣锛屼娇鐢ㄧ湡姝g殑鑻旇槡浣滅偤鑽夌殑鎸囩ず锛屽櫞鐏戣崏缍犺壊鐨勯嫺鏈紝鑷繁鍒朵綔鑻旇槡锛岃嚦浜庢ü(sh霉)鏈�锛岄鏋舵垨妯�(sh霉)鍙互鐢遍噾灞挡銆佺洿閲濆埗鎴�锛岀稜鑹茬墿璩�(zh矛)鍙互鐢辩稜鑹插埗鎴愭澧婅粺鏈ㄧ悆銆佹捣缍挎垨娉℃搏锛�
鏄皥闁€(m茅n)寰炰簨瀹氬埗妯″瀷鐨勫埗閫狅紝涓嶈珫鎮ㄦ槸娌欑洡(p谩n)妯″瀷鍒朵綔銆傞倓鏄伐妤�(y猫)妯″瀷鍒朵綔锛屾垜鍊戠殑妯″瀷鍒朵綔鐨勫伐鍖犵祼(ji茅)鍚堜簡澶氬勾鐨勭稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)锛岀祼(ji茅)鍚堜簡琛屾キ(y猫)涓殑z鏂�锛屽彲浠ョ偤鎮ㄧ殑浠绘剰鐩殑锛屼换浣曡(gu墨)妯$殑闇€瑕佺敓鎴愰珮搴﹁┏绱�(x矛)锛岄€肩湡鐨勬ā鍨�锛岄€欑瘒鏂囩珷鎴戝€戝氨渚�(l谩i)浜嗚В涓€涓嬫垜鍊戠殑妯″瀷鍦�(tu谩n)闅�(du矛)鏄浣曞埗浣滄ā鍨嬬殑銆�
涓€銆佹ā鍨嬪埗浣滈亷(gu貌)绋嬨€備綘鍙互闁�(k膩i)濮嬭嚜宸卞仛瀹跺叿浜�锛岀矘鍦熸槸浣犲ソ鐨勯伕鎿囦箣涓€锛屽洜?y脿n)妯楊彎瀛愯瘮灏氱鍚炲箽?锛岃€屼笖鍍�(ji脿)鏍间究瀹�锛屽皬鍘氬害(1姣背)娉℃搏鏉夸篃鍙互浣跨敤鍜岃憲鑹�锛屽僵鑹叉场娌澘鏄竴鍊�(g猫)鐨勯伕鎿�锛屽洜?y脿n)妯楅紙鍏掕媼鑿€婊嬪箽?銆備娇鐢ㄨ兘璁撳畠绔嬭捣?l谩i)鐨勫帤搴�锛岀偤浜嗙編鍖栫挵(hu谩n)澧�:锛屾垜鍊戞湁閶湴鏉挎鐗�銆佹按鍏冪礌鍜岀収鏄庤ō(sh猫)鍌欍€傝嚦浜庡湴鏉�:銆傚湴鏉跨摲纾�锛屽氨鍍忚椋炬潗鏂欎竴妯�锛屽彲浠ヨ臣(g貌u)璨�(m菐i)鎴栧嵃鍒�锛屽彲浠ョ暙(hu脿)鍑哄付鏈夌櫧鑹叉(bi膩o)瑷樼殑閬撹矾
?锛涜洏鍚f啩姊㈠啀?g貌u)璨�(m菐i)鐝�(xi脿n)鎴愮殑姊濆付锛屼汉琛岄亾鎴栦汉琛岄亾鐨勯珮搴﹀彲閫氶亷(gu貌)涓€灞よ杽娉℃搏鏉挎垨鏍规摎(j霉)姣斾緥椤ず锛屾按鍏冪礌鍖呮嫭娉虫睜鍜屽櫞娉�