安科瑞 于洋
摘要：溫度是表征電力一次設(shè)備運(yùn)行正常的一個重要參數(shù)。隨著用電量的急劇增長，為了滿足用電需求，變電站的開關(guān)柜等高低壓設(shè)備長期運(yùn)行在線狀態(tài)，過負(fù)荷運(yùn)行會導(dǎo)致一次設(shè)備的發(fā)熱及過熱，這一現(xiàn)象在負(fù)荷增長較快的地區(qū)顯得尤為普遍。這些情況如不及時得到監(jiān)控，及時處理，都將發(fā)生不可預(yù)測的大事故。通過對開關(guān)柜溫度的實(shí)時監(jiān)測，即可知道開關(guān)柜運(yùn)行工況，通過電網(wǎng)信息資源整合，就可為狀態(tài)檢修提供強(qiáng)有力的依據(jù)因此，進(jìn)行安全溫度監(jiān)測及智能化控制是非常有必要的。
Abstract: temperature is an important parameter to characterize the normal operation of power primary equipment. With the rapid growth of power consumption, in order to meet the power demand, high and low voltage equipment such as switchgear in substation operate online for a long time. Overload operation will lead to heating and overheating of primary equipment. This phenomenon is particularly common in areas with rapid load growth. If these situations are not monitored and handled in time, unpredictable accidents will occur. Through the real-time monitoring of the switch cabinet temperature, we can know the operating conditions of the switch cabinet. Through the integration of power grid information resources, we can provide a strong basis for condition based maintenance. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out safe temperature monitoring and intelligent control.
關(guān)鍵詞：電氣接點(diǎn)、配電室、無線測溫
Key words: electrical contact, distribution room, wireless temperature measurement
1、概述
變電站母線、電纜、斷路器等運(yùn)行設(shè)備由于長期工作在高電壓、大電流環(huán)境條件下，對各設(shè)備溫度的監(jiān)測維護(hù)是保證電網(wǎng)可靠工作必不可少的環(huán)節(jié)。尤其是高壓開關(guān)柜、組合電器等封閉式運(yùn)行設(shè)備，自身散熱條件較差，而且依靠人工定期測溫的方法很難完成對柜內(nèi)設(shè)備溫度的直接測量和在線監(jiān)測。由于缺乏行之有效的設(shè)備溫度在線監(jiān)測預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，近年來關(guān)于變電站內(nèi)設(shè)備運(yùn)行溫度過高造成的火災(zāi)事故時有報道，嚴(yán)重影響電網(wǎng)供電可靠性，同時也給電力企業(yè)造成了較大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失甚至是人身傷亡。
中航光電科技股份有限公司是中國航空工業(yè)集團(tuán)公司控股的股份制企業(yè)，在航空、航天、艦船、兵器、鐵路、電子、通訊、電力、電源等軍用、民用領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用，確保了國家眾多項(xiàng)目的順利完成。穩(wěn)定、可靠的電力系統(tǒng)，是企業(yè)發(fā)展的重要保障， 因此，采用合理且數(shù)據(jù)可靠的溫度檢測技術(shù)對互感器、母線、電纜及動作開關(guān)觸頭等易發(fā)熱部位進(jìn)行溫度實(shí)時在線監(jiān)控，及時發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)備運(yùn)行溫度異常隱患并實(shí)現(xiàn)異常告警，對于保證變電站設(shè)備可靠運(yùn)行具有十分重要的意義。
1. Overview
due to the long-term operation of substation buses, cables, circuit breakers and other operating equipment under high voltage and high current environment, the monitoring and maintenance of the temperature of each equipment is an essential link to ensure the reliable operation of the power grid. In particular, closed operating equipment such as high-voltage switchgear and combined electrical appliances have poor heat dissipation conditions, and it is difficult to complete direct measurement and on-line monitoring of equipment temperature in the cabinet by relying on manual periodic temperature measurement. Due to the lack of effective equipment temperature on-line monitoring and early warning system, fire accidents caused by excessive equipment operating temperature in substation have been reported in recent years, which not only seriously affects the power supply reliability of power grid, but also causes great economic losses and even personal casualties to power enterprises.
AVIC Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. is a joint-stock enterprise controlled by China Aviation Industry Corporation. It has been widely used in military and civil fields such as aviation, aerospace, ships, weapons, railways, electronics, communications, electric power and power supply, ensuring the smooth completion of many national projects. A stable and reliable power system is an important guarantee for the development of enterprises. Therefore, a reasonable and reliable temperature detection technology is adopted to conduct real-time online temperature monitoring on the easily heated parts such as transformer, bus, cable and action switch contact, so as to timely find the hidden danger of abnormal equipment operating temperature and realize abnormal alarm, It is of great significance to ensure the reliable operation of substation equipment.
2、產(chǎn)品需求及配置
該項(xiàng)目針對技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)基地 A7、A8 樓配電室內(nèi)的進(jìn)線柜、饋電柜等87面低壓柜進(jìn)行安全溫度監(jiān)測，需配無線測溫產(chǎn)品。具體要求如下：
1）供電方式：感應(yīng)取電；
2）測溫范圍：-50℃~+125℃；
3）每七面低壓柜電氣接點(diǎn)溫度10寸觸摸屏就地集中顯示；
4）低壓饋電柜各支路3點(diǎn)測溫；
5）使用壽命不小于10年，測量精度為±1℃；
3、產(chǎn)品方案明細(xì)
4、現(xiàn)場安裝
5、測溫方案
5.1高低壓柜內(nèi)電氣接點(diǎn)無線測溫（集中就地顯示）
5.2 溫度顯示
觸摸屏上電進(jìn)入工作狀態(tài)后，默認(rèn)即為“實(shí)時溫度”界面，再此界面可觀察到各節(jié)點(diǎn)采集的溫度值。
5.3 定值設(shè)置
用戶“登錄”后，可通過“參數(shù)設(shè)置”菜單設(shè)置無線溫度傳感器組的高溫告警值和名稱；當(dāng)測得溫度值超出設(shè)定值時，觸摸屏顯示告警并觸發(fā)蜂鳴器。
5.4報警信息
可查看“當(dāng)前報警”和“歷史報警”事件。有報警時，“當(dāng)前報警”顯示出報警提示，并觸發(fā)蜂鳴器，此時確認(rèn)報警，蜂鳴器停止鳴叫，同時報警提示的字體變?yōu)樗{(lán)色，當(dāng)報警故障解除后，報警提示消失。
6、相關(guān)產(chǎn)品
目前無線溫度傳感器有四款：（a.電池供電 b.感應(yīng)取電）
7、結(jié)束語
無線測溫系統(tǒng)與其他測溫方法相比，具有無需布線、測溫元件安裝方便、幾乎任何關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)都可以使 用、信息準(zhǔn)確及時、報警系統(tǒng)良好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。該系統(tǒng)可實(shí)現(xiàn)電力系統(tǒng)中關(guān)鍵部位溫度的在線監(jiān)測，輔助運(yùn)行人員及時發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)備異常，可為狀態(tài)檢修提供依據(jù)， 改變了電力系統(tǒng)的檢修模式，使運(yùn)行人員及時掌握設(shè)備運(yùn)行情況，可在一定程度上提高供電系統(tǒng)的可靠性。
